Difference between revisions of "Category:Languages"

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In the Middle Ages and Early modern times Latin was the international language of scholarship in Europe, also in the study of Jewish, Christian and Islamic Origins. The vernacular languages had at first more relevance in the development of national literature, poetry and dramas. Italian in particular established itself in the 17th and 18th centuries as the international language of music and opera. If the emergence of national schools can be traced back to the Reformation, it was the Enlightenment and the Napoleon Era that launched French as the new international language of scholarship and caused the rapid demise of Latin. In the 19th and early 20th century German and English also raised as distinguished languages in the critical historical and philological study of the Bible. After World War II and especially with the computer revolution of the 1990s, English has established itself as the dominant world language, while the globalization of higher education has stimulated the production of works in countries and languages that never before had a tradition in the field, and even boosted the international usage of languages (like Spanish) which are rooted in the some of the most dynamic emerging countries.
In the Middle Ages and Early modern times Latin was the international language of scholarship in Europe, also in the study of Jewish, Christian and Islamic Origins. The vernacular languages had at first more relevance in the development of national literature, poetry and dramas. Italian in particular established itself in the 17th and 18th centuries as the international language of music and opera. If the emergence of national schools can be traced back to the Reformation, it was the Enlightenment and the Napoleon Era that launched French as the new international language of scholarship and caused the rapid demise of Latin. In the 19th and early 20th century German and English also raised as distinguished languages in the critical historical and philological study of the Bible. After World War II and especially with the computer revolution of the 1990s, English has established itself as the dominant world language, while the globalization of higher education has stimulated the production of works in countries and languages that never before had a tradition in the field, and even boosted the international usage of languages (like Spanish) which are rooted in the some of the most dynamic emerging countries.
}}
}}
{{WindowMain
|title= [[Translations]]
|backgroundLogo= Bluebg_rounded_croped.png
|logo= contents.png
|px= 38
|content= [[File:Translate.jpg|thumb|250px]]
''Timeline'' : [[:Category:Translations--2010s|2010s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--2000s|2000s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1990s|1990s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1980s|1980s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1970s|1970s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1960s|1960s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1950s|1950s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1940s|1940s]] --  [[:Category:Translations--1930s|1930s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1920s|1920s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1910s|1910s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1900s|1900s]] --  [[:Category:Translations--1850s|1850s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1800s|1800s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1700s|1700s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1600s|1600s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1500s|1500s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1400s|1400s]]
''From'' : [[:Category:Translated from Armenian|Armenian]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Danish|Danish]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Dutch|Dutch]] -- [[:Category:Translated from English|English]] -- [[:Category:Translated from French|French]] -- [[:Category:Translated from German|German]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Hebrew|Hebrew]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Hungarian|Hungarian]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Italian|Italian]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Latin|Latin]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Portuguese|Portuguese]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Russian|Russian]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Spanish|Spanish]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Swedish|Swedish]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Yiddish|Yiddish]]
}}
{{WindowMain
{{WindowMain
  |title= Fields of research  
  |title= Fields of research  
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''Fields of research'' : [[:Category:Second Temple Studies|Second Temple Studies]] -- [[:Category:Enochic Studies|Enochic Studies]] -- [[:Category:Apocalyptic Studies|Apocalyptic Studies]] -- [[:Category:Qumran Studies|Qumran Studies]] -- [[:Category:OT Apocrypha Studies|OT Apocrypha Studies]] -- [[:Category:Wisdom Studies|Wisdom Studies]] -- [[:Category:OT Pseudepigrapha Studies|OT Pseudepigrapha Studies]] -- [[:Category:Hellenistic-Jewish Studies|Hellenistic-Jewish Studies]] -- [[:Category:Philo Studies|Philo Studies]] -- [[:Category:Josephus Studies|Josephus Studies]] -- [[:Category:Historical Jesus Studies|Historical Jesus Studies]] -- [[:Category:Pauline Studies|Pauline Studies]] -- [[:Category:Johannine Studies|Johannine Studies]] -- [[:Category:Petrine Studies|Petrine Studies]] -- [[:Category:Gospels Studies|Gospels Studies]] -- [[:Category:Christian Origins Studies|Christian Origins Studies]] -- [[:Category:New Testament Studies|New Testament Studies]] -- [[:Category:Early Christian Studies|Early Christian Studies]] -- [[:Category:Early Jewish Studies|Early Jewish Studies]] -- [[:Category:Early Islamic Studies|Early Islamic Studies]] -- [[:Category:Early Samaritan Studies|Early Samaritan Studies]] -- [[:Category:Hebrew Bible Studies|Hebrew Bible Studies]]  
''Fields of research'' : [[:Category:Second Temple Studies|Second Temple Studies]] -- [[:Category:Enochic Studies|Enochic Studies]] -- [[:Category:Apocalyptic Studies|Apocalyptic Studies]] -- [[:Category:Qumran Studies|Qumran Studies]] -- [[:Category:OT Apocrypha Studies|OT Apocrypha Studies]] -- [[:Category:Wisdom Studies|Wisdom Studies]] -- [[:Category:OT Pseudepigrapha Studies|OT Pseudepigrapha Studies]] -- [[:Category:Hellenistic-Jewish Studies|Hellenistic-Jewish Studies]] -- [[:Category:Philo Studies|Philo Studies]] -- [[:Category:Josephus Studies|Josephus Studies]] -- [[:Category:Historical Jesus Studies|Historical Jesus Studies]] -- [[:Category:Pauline Studies|Pauline Studies]] -- [[:Category:Johannine Studies|Johannine Studies]] -- [[:Category:Petrine Studies|Petrine Studies]] -- [[:Category:Gospels Studies|Gospels Studies]] -- [[:Category:Christian Origins Studies|Christian Origins Studies]] -- [[:Category:New Testament Studies|New Testament Studies]] -- [[:Category:Early Christian Studies|Early Christian Studies]] -- [[:Category:Early Jewish Studies|Early Jewish Studies]] -- [[:Category:Early Islamic Studies|Early Islamic Studies]] -- [[:Category:Early Samaritan Studies|Early Samaritan Studies]] -- [[:Category:Hebrew Bible Studies|Hebrew Bible Studies]]  
}}
}}
{{WindowMain
{{WindowMain
  |title= [[Fiction]]  
  |title= [[Fiction]]  
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''Languages'' : [[:Category:Fiction--English|English]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--French|French]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--German|German]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Italian|Italian]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Spanish|Spanish]] -/- [[:Category:Fiction--Afrikaans‏‎|Afrikaans‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Albanian‏‎|Albanian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--|Catalan‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--|Chinese‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Croatian‏‎|Croatian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Czech‏‎|Czech‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Danish‏‎|Danish‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Dutch‏‎|Dutch‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Filipino‏‎|Filipino‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Greek‏‎|Greek‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Hebrew‏‎|Hebrew‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Hungarian‏‎|Hungarian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Icelandic‏‎|Icelandic‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Japanese‏‎|Japanese‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Latin‏|Latin‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Norwegian‏‎|Norwegian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Polish‏‎|Polish‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Portuguese‏‎|Portuguese‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Romanian‏|Romanian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Russian‏‎|Russian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Serbian‏‎|Serbian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Slovenian‏‎|Slovenian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Spanish‏‎|Spanish‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Swedish|Swedish]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Welsh‏‎|Welsh‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Yiddish‏‎|Yiddish‏‎]]
''Languages'' : [[:Category:Fiction--English|English]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--French|French]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--German|German]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Italian|Italian]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Spanish|Spanish]] -/- [[:Category:Fiction--Afrikaans‏‎|Afrikaans‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Albanian‏‎|Albanian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--|Catalan‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--|Chinese‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Croatian‏‎|Croatian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Czech‏‎|Czech‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Danish‏‎|Danish‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Dutch‏‎|Dutch‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Filipino‏‎|Filipino‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Greek‏‎|Greek‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Hebrew‏‎|Hebrew‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Hungarian‏‎|Hungarian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Icelandic‏‎|Icelandic‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Japanese‏‎|Japanese‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Latin‏|Latin‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Norwegian‏‎|Norwegian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Polish‏‎|Polish‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Portuguese‏‎|Portuguese‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Romanian‏|Romanian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Russian‏‎|Russian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Serbian‏‎|Serbian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Slovenian‏‎|Slovenian‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Spanish‏‎|Spanish‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Swedish|Swedish]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Welsh‏‎|Welsh‏‎]] -- [[:Category:Fiction--Yiddish‏‎|Yiddish‏‎]]
}}
}}
{{WindowMain
|title= [[Translations]]
|backgroundLogo= Bluebg_rounded_croped.png
|logo= contents.png
|px= 38
|content= [[File:Translate.jpg|thumb|250px]]
''Timeline'' : [[:Category:Translations--2010s|2010s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--2000s|2000s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1990s|1990s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1980s|1980s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1970s|1970s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1960s|1960s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1950s|1950s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1940s|1940s]] --  [[:Category:Translations--1930s|1930s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1920s|1920s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1910s|1910s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1900s|1900s]] --  [[:Category:Translations--1850s|1850s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1800s|1800s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1700s|1700s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1600s|1600s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1500s|1500s]] -- [[:Category:Translations--1400s|1400s]]


''From'' : [[:Category:Translated from Armenian|Armenian]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Danish|Danish]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Dutch|Dutch]] -- [[:Category:Translated from English|English]] -- [[:Category:Translated from French|French]] -- [[:Category:Translated from German|German]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Hebrew|Hebrew]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Hungarian|Hungarian]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Italian|Italian]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Latin|Latin]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Portuguese|Portuguese]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Russian|Russian]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Spanish|Spanish]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Swedish|Swedish]] -- [[:Category:Translated from Yiddish|Yiddish]]
}}
|}
|}
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|<!-- SPAZI TRA LE COLONNE --> style="border:5px solid transparent;" |
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[[:Category:English language--2010s|2010s]] -- [[:Category:English language--2000s|2000s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1990s|1990s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1980s|1980s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1970s|1970s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1960s|1960s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1950s|1950s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1940s|1940s]] --  [[:Category:English language--1930s|1930s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1920s|1920s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1910s|1910s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1900s|1900s]] --  [[:Category:English language--1850s|1850s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1800s|1800s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1700s|1700s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1600s|1600s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1500s|1500s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1400s|1400s]]  
[[:Category:English language--2010s|2010s]] -- [[:Category:English language--2000s|2000s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1990s|1990s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1980s|1980s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1970s|1970s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1960s|1960s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1950s|1950s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1940s|1940s]] --  [[:Category:English language--1930s|1930s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1920s|1920s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1910s|1910s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1900s|1900s]] --  [[:Category:English language--1850s|1850s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1800s|1800s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1700s|1700s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1600s|1600s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1500s|1500s]] -- [[:Category:English language--1400s|1400s]]  
}}
}}
{{WindowMain
{{WindowMain
  |title= [[French language]]
  |title= [[French language]]
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[[:Category:French language--2010s|2010s]] -- [[:Category:French language--2000s|2000s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1990s|1990s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1980s|1980s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1970s|1970s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1960s|1960s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1950s|1950s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1940s|1940s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1930s|1930s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1920s|1920s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1910s|1910s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1900s|1900s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1850s|1850s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1800s|1800s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1700s|1700s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1600s|1600s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1500s|1500s]]  
[[:Category:French language--2010s|2010s]] -- [[:Category:French language--2000s|2000s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1990s|1990s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1980s|1980s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1970s|1970s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1960s|1960s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1950s|1950s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1940s|1940s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1930s|1930s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1920s|1920s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1910s|1910s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1900s|1900s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1850s|1850s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1800s|1800s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1700s|1700s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1600s|1600s]] -- [[:Category:French language--1500s|1500s]]  
}}
}}
{{WindowMain
{{WindowMain
  |title= [[German language]]
  |title= [[German language]]
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[[:Category:German language--2010s|2010s]] -- [[:Category:German language--2000s|2000s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1990s|1990s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1980s|1980s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1970s|1970s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1960s|1960s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1950s|1950s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1940s|1940s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1930s|1930s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1920s|1920s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1910s|1910s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1900s|1900s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1850s|1850s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1800s|1800s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1700s|1700s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1600s|1600s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1500s|1500s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1400s|1450s]]
[[:Category:German language--2010s|2010s]] -- [[:Category:German language--2000s|2000s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1990s|1990s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1980s|1980s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1970s|1970s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1960s|1960s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1950s|1950s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1940s|1940s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1930s|1930s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1920s|1920s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1910s|1910s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1900s|1900s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1850s|1850s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1800s|1800s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1700s|1700s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1600s|1600s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1500s|1500s]] -- [[:Category:German language--1400s|1450s]]
}}
}}
{{WindowMain
{{WindowMain
  |title= [[Italian language]]
  |title= [[Italian language]]
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[[:Category:Italian language--2010s|2010s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--2000s|2000s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1990s|1990s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1980s|1980s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1970s|1970s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1960s|1960s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1950s|1950s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1940s|1940s]] --  [[:Category:Italian language--1930s|1930s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1920s|1920s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1910s|1910s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1900s|1900s]] --  [[:Category:Italian language--1850s|1850s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1800s|1800s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1700s|1700s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1600s|1600s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1500s|1500s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1400s|1400s]]  
[[:Category:Italian language--2010s|2010s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--2000s|2000s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1990s|1990s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1980s|1980s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1970s|1970s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1960s|1960s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1950s|1950s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1940s|1940s]] --  [[:Category:Italian language--1930s|1930s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1920s|1920s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1910s|1910s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1900s|1900s]] --  [[:Category:Italian language--1850s|1850s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1800s|1800s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1700s|1700s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1600s|1600s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1500s|1500s]] -- [[:Category:Italian language--1400s|1400s]]  
}}
}}
{{WindowMain
{{WindowMain
  |title= [[Spanish language]]
  |title= [[Spanish language]]

Revision as of 05:39, 15 November 2019

Languages (Home Page)
Languages (Home Page)

Languages.jpg


The page: Languages lists (in alphabetical order) the many languages of scholarly and fictional works in the field of Second Temple Judaism (Jewish, Christian and Islamic Origins), from the mid-15th century to the present.

In the Middle Ages and Early modern times Latin was the international language of scholarship in Europe, also in the study of Jewish, Christian and Islamic Origins. The vernacular languages had at first more relevance in the development of national literature, poetry and dramas. Italian in particular established itself in the 17th and 18th centuries as the international language of music and opera. If the emergence of national schools can be traced back to the Reformation, it was the Enlightenment and the Napoleon Era that launched French as the new international language of scholarship and caused the rapid demise of Latin. In the 19th and early 20th century German and English also raised as distinguished languages in the critical historical and philological study of the Bible. After World War II and especially with the computer revolution of the 1990s, English has established itself as the dominant world language, while the globalization of higher education has stimulated the production of works in countries and languages that never before had a tradition in the field, and even boosted the international usage of languages (like Spanish) which are rooted in the some of the most dynamic emerging countries.

Fields of research
Fields of research
Translate.jpg

Timeline : 2010s -- 2000s -- 1990s -- 1980s -- 1970s -- 1960s -- 1950s -- 1940s -- 1930s -- 1920s -- 1910s -- 1900s -- 1850s -- 1800s -- 1700s -- 1600s -- 1500s -- 1400s

From : Armenian -- Danish -- Dutch -- English -- French -- German -- Hebrew -- Hungarian -- Italian -- Latin -- Portuguese -- Russian -- Spanish -- Swedish -- Yiddish

English language.jpg

2010s -- 2000s -- 1990s -- 1980s -- 1970s -- 1960s -- 1950s -- 1940s -- 1930s -- 1920s -- 1910s -- 1900s -- 1850s -- 1800s -- 1700s -- 1600s -- 1500s -- 1400s

French language.jpg

2010s -- 2000s -- 1990s -- 1980s -- 1970s -- 1960s -- 1950s -- 1940s -- 1930s -- 1920s -- 1910s -- 1900s -- 1850s -- 1800s -- 1700s -- 1600s -- 1500s

German language.jpg

2010s -- 2000s -- 1990s -- 1980s -- 1970s -- 1960s -- 1950s -- 1940s -- 1930s -- 1920s -- 1910s -- 1900s -- 1850s -- 1800s -- 1700s -- 1600s -- 1500s -- 1450s

Italian language.jpg

2010s -- 2000s -- 1990s -- 1980s -- 1970s -- 1960s -- 1950s -- 1940s -- 1930s -- 1920s -- 1910s -- 1900s -- 1850s -- 1800s -- 1700s -- 1600s -- 1500s -- 1400s

Spanish language.jpg

2010s -- 2000s -- 1990s -- 1980s -- 1970s -- 1960s -- 1950s -- 1940s -- 1930s -- 1920s -- 1910s -- 1900s -- 1850s -- 1800s -- 1700s -- 1600s -- 1500s -- 1400s