Category:Chateau de La Guette (subject)

Chateau de La Guette (see Holocaust Children Studies)

Holocaust Refugee Children, France --

See Searching for Home at Château de la Guette and Beyond (2018 dissertation by Sarah Schneider, University of Central Florida)

Overview

Chateau de la Guette was a mansion owned by Edouard and Germaine de Rothschild located in the Seine-et-Marne district near Paris. Between March 1939 and May 1940, la Guette served as a home for 134 Jewish refugee children between the ages of nine and fifteen. Fifty-seven of the children were female and seventy-seven were male. About sixty-six lived in Austria, primarily in or around Vienna, prior to their departure for France, and about sixty-eight of the children lived in Germany prior to leaving for France.

The home was a major project of Le comite israelite pour les enfants verrant d'Allemagne et l'Europe Centrale, an assistance committee founded by Germaine de Rothschild in the wake of the Kristallnacht pogrom, to get Jewish children out of Nazi Germany and Austria. The children arrived in March and April 1939, in convoys from the Palatinate, Berlin and Vienna. La Guette was directed first by Willy Katz and subsequently by Ernst Jablonski.

In the summer of 1939, nine fourteen and fifteen-year-old girls were sent to a boarding school in St. Briac (Bretagne) to learn French. The other children remained in la Guette until it was evacuated in May 1940 to the village of La Bourboule in the Massif Central region where it was directed by Flore Loinger, wife of Georges Loinger. Henry Pohoryles served as an educator. There, the children were housed at the Hotel des Anglais. Some of the older girls worked at the hotel and other establishments in the village, while the older boys were hired as farmhands or apprenticed to local aritsans. Others were sent to a boarding school in Clermont-Ferrand to further their education. At the end of 1941, after the departure of the Rothschilds for the U.S., the home was integrated into the OSE network, and the children were transferred to various centers. In 1942, two groups of children were allowed to emigrate to the U.S. via Lisbon. Of those who remained in France, ten were later deported and all but one perished. A few managed to escape to Switzerland or joined the resistance, and the rest survived on false papers, hidden in monasteries or with French families until the end of the war.

Group portrait of Jewish refugee children at the Château de la Guette children's home. Back row left to right: Heinrich Rosenthal, Markus Lustig, Karl Schwarz, Hans Blum, Herbert Ruhm, Arthur Pacht, Renate Tauber, Ursula Matzdorff, Lotte Szampanier, Henri Pohoryles (teacher), Erika Reiss, Ruth Klopstock, Lore Heinemann, Suzie Guttmann, Gisela Edel, Ellen Rosen, Minnie Engel and Ingeborg Rosenthal. Seated and kneeling: Raoul Kunstadt, Ludwig Scheucher, Eduard Weiss, Kurt Moses, Heinz Alexander, Werner Neuberger, Hans Schoenfrank, Berty Heiberg, Marcel Kamil, Trautchen Feith, Ilse Bodenheimer, Eva Guttmann, and Gertrude Weihsmann.

A group of girls stand in a line holding flowers in the Chateau de La Guette children's home. From right to left: xxx, Ellen Schwerin, Helli Buchholz, Rita Buchholz, Berty Heiberg (avec le bandeau blanc), xxx. (USHMM).

The La Guette Children (AJPN List)

In 1939, 134 German and Austrian Children arrived at the Chateau.

This AJPN list is incomplete. See the 1940 JDC list (Refugees, France)

At least 12 La Guette Children were arrested and deported, nine of them perished.

29 La Guette Children escaped to Switzerland.

+ [[Irene Abraham (F / Germany, 1925), Holocaust survivor <Hidden in France>
Heinz Alexander (M / Germany, 1927), Holocaust survivor <Hidden in France> <Active in the Resistance>
Ernst Appenzeller (M / Austria, 1926), Holocaust survivor <Hidden in France> <Leader of the Resistance>
Martin Axelrad (M / Austria, 1926), Holocaust survivor <Hidden in France>