Difference between revisions of "Category:Salome--music (subject)"

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[[File:Music.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Music|Music (Home Page)]]]]
[[File:Salome Caracciolo.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Salome]] (Home Page)]]
[[File:Film 1974 Friedrich.jpg|thumb|120px|1974 (Friedrich)]]
[[File:Film 1974 Friedrich.jpg|thumb|120px|1974 (Friedrich)]]
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'''Works of music on [[Salome]]'''
'''Works of [[music]] related to [[Salome]]'''  
 
== Overview ==
 
[[Salome]] first emerged as a "singing" character in the tradition of the oratorios since the end of the 17th century. The first oratorio to be recorded as having [[Salome]] among its characters is [[San Giovanni Battista (St John the Baptist / 1675 Stradella / Acciaiuoli), oratorio]]. In the oratorios the protagonist is [[John the Baptist]] and the plot closely follows the biblical narrative. 
 
Among the most celebrated oratorios dealing with the death of [[John the Baptist]] is [[Il Batista (1727 Caldara / Zeno), oratorio]], which premiered in Vienna in 1727. It is the first of which the name of the interpreter of [[Salome]] is recorded--"Signora Helvertin."
 
The season of the "biblical" oratorios ended with [[St John the Baptist (1873 Macfarren / Monk), oratorio]]. The transition to the opera came with ''Hérodiade'' (1881). In [[Jules Massenet]]'s opera the character of Salome takes central stage and a life of her own but still preserves her "biblical" innocence. In the 1880s ''Hérodiade" was performed in Belgium, Italy, France, Germany and in 1892 reached New Orleans.
 
Everything changed in 1896 with the premiere in Paris of [[Salomé (Salome / 1893 Wilde), play]]. Salome lost her innocence and became the embodiment of the ''femme fatale'' who seduces and destroys her lovers. The "Salomania" spread in every corner of Europe and America.
 
Based on Wilde's play, [[Richard Strauss]]'s ''Salome'' premiered in Dresden on 9 December 1905 (starring [[Marie Wittich]] in the title role). It was an immediate success. In 1906 the opera was performed in a dozen theaters, including Graz, Cologne, Berlin (starring [[Emmy Destinn]]), Turin, and Milan (under the direction of [[Arturo Toscanini]]). In spite of the composer's invitation to look at the opera as nothing more than "a scherzo with a fatal conclusion," many regarded it as a gruesome middlebrow entertainment. When the opera opened at the New York Metropolitan Opera on 22 January 1907, accusations of vulgarity and indecency led to the cancellation of the show and the opera would not be performed again at the Met until 1934. In Austria, Russia and other countries the opera was banned even before being performed.
 
And yet, Strauss's ''Salome'' was an unstoppable success. In March 1907 the French version of the opera premiered in Brussels, of which a scaled-down rendition was also given in Paris a few days before the German version opened there at the Théâtre du Châtelet on 8 May 1907 under the direction of the composer. [[Aino Ackté]] played [[Salome]] in the 1907 Leipzig premiere as well as in the 1910 London premiere. In spite of the Met's boycott, the Salomania hit New York again at the Manhattan Opera House in 1909 with [[Mary Garden]].
 
Among the early interpreters of Strauss's Salome are [[Göta Ljungberg]], [[Maria Jeritza]], [[Maria Cebotari]], and [[Christle Goltz]], Probably the most famous of all was the Bulgarian soprano [[Ljuba Welitsch]], who sang it in the presence of the composer at a performance given to mark his 80th birthday in Vienna in 1944.
 
Strauss's Salome is regularly staged in the major opera theaters and is now available also in numerous sound and video recordings, featuring interpreters such as [[Birgitt Nilsson]], [[Leonie Rysanek]], [[Hildegard Behrens]], [[Montserrat Caballé]], [[Josephine Barstow]], [[Catherine Malfitano]], [[Maria Ewing]], [[Nadja Michael]], [[Karita Mattila]] and [[Angela Denoke]].
 
Although overshadowed by Strauss's ''Salome'', Massenet's ''Hérodiade'' has not ceased to be performed and recorded, offering the soprano the intriguing possibility to play the same role in two different operas.
 
@2017 Gabriele Boccaccini, University of Michigan
 
==Performing Salome (opera)==
 
==== ====
 
{| border="1" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
|- bgcolor=yellow
! 1850s !! Salome !! Opera !! Notes
|-
| [[1881]] || [[Marthe Duvivier]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1881 Massenet / Milliet, Grémont), opera]] || Premiere
|-
| [[1882]] || [[Medea Borelli]] || [[Erodiade, Italian ed. (Herodias / 1882 Faccio / @1881 Massenet), Milan production (opera)]] || Milan (and Italian) premiere
|-
| [[1884]] || [[Fidès Devriès]] || [[Erodiade, Italian ed. (Herodias / 1884 Gialdini / @1881 Massenet), Paris production (opera)]] || Premiere of the revised version
|-
| [[1886]] || [[Elisa Frandin]] || [[Erodiade, Italian ed. (Herodias / 1886 Mascheroni / @1881 Massenet), Bologna production (opera)]] || Italian premiere of the Revised version
|-
| [[1892]] || [[Marthe Duvivier]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1892 / @ 1881 Massenet), New Orleans production (opera)]] || American premiere.
|}
 
==== ====
 
{| border="1" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
|- bgcolor=yellow
! 1900s !! Salome !! Opera !! Notes
|-
| [[1903]] || [[Emma Calvé]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1903 Luigini / @ 1881 Massenet), Paris production (opera)]] || Paris premiere of the revised version in French
|-
| [[1904]] || [[Emma Calvé]] || [[Salomé = Hérodiade (Herodias / 1904 Lohse / @1881 Massenet), London production (opera)]] || London premiere
|-
| [[1905]] || [[Marie Wittich]] || [[Salome (1905 Strauss / Lachmann), opera]] || Dresden premiere (9 December 1905)
|-
| [[1906]] || [[Jenny Korb]] || [[Salome (1906 Strauss, Korb / @1905 Strauss), Graz production (opera)]] || Graz premiere (16 May 1906)
|-
| [[1906]] || [[Fanchette Verhunk]] || [[Salome (1906 Prüwer, Verhunk / @1905 Strauss), Breslau production (opera)]] || Breslau premiere (1906) and Vienna premiere (15 May 1907)
|-
| [[1906]] || [[Alice Guszalewicz]] || [[Salome (1906 Strauss, Guszalewicz / @1905 Strauss), Cologne production (opera)]] || Cologne premiere
|-
| [[1906]] || [[Emmy Destinn]] || [[Salome (1906 Strauss, Destinn / @1905 Strauss), Berlin production (opera)]] || Berlin premiere (5 December 1906)
|-
| [[1906]] || [[Gemma Bellincioni]] || [[Salomè, Italian ed. (Salome / 1906 Strauss, Bellincioni / @1905 Strauss), Turin production (opera)]] || Turin premiere (23 December 1906)
|-
| [[1906]] || [[Solomiya Krushelnytska]] || [[Salomè, Italian ed. (Salome / 1906 Toscanini, Krushelnytska / @1905 Strauss), Milan production (opera)]] || Milan premiere (26 December 1906)
|-
| [[1907]] || [[Olive Fremstad]] || [[Salome (1907 Hertz, Fremstad / @1905 Strauss), New York (Met) premiere]] || New York premiere (22 January 1907)
|-
| [[1907]] || ??? || [[Salomé, French ed. (1907 / @1905 Strauss), Brussels production (opera)]] || Brussels (25 March 1907) & Paris (29 April 1907) premiere
|-
| [[1907]] || [[Emmy Destinn]] || [[Salome (1907 Strauss, Destinn / @1905 Strauss), Paris production (opera)]] || Paris premiere (8 May 1907)
|-
| [[1907]] || [[Emmy Destinn]] || [[Salome (1907 Strauss, Destinn / @1905 Strauss), sound recording (opera)]] || Excerpts of the opera.
|-
| [[1907]] || [[Aino Ackté]] || [[Salome (1907 Strauss, Ackté / @1905 Strauss), Leipzig production (opera)]] || Leipzig premiere
|-
|[[1908]] || [[Mlle. De Wailly]] || [[Salomé (1908 Mariotte / Wilde), opera]] || [[Lucienne Bréval]] was Salome in the Paris performances in 1910 and 1919.
|-
| [[1909]] || [[Mary Garden]] || [[Salomé, French ed. (Salome / 1909 Garden / @1905 Strauss), New York (Manhattan) production]] || Manhattan Opera House
|-
| [[1909]] || [[Lina Cavalieri]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1909 Fuente / @1881 Massenet), New York production (opera)]] || New York premiere (Manhattan Opera House)
 
|}
 
==== ====
 
{| border="1" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
|- bgcolor=yellow
! 1910s !! Salome !! Opera !! Notes
|-
| [[1910]] || [[Lucienne Bréval]] || [[Salomé (1910 @1908 Mariotte), Paris production (opera)]] ||
|-
| [[1910]] || [[Aino Ackté]] || [[Salome (1910 Beecham, Ackté / @1905 Strauss), London production (opera)]] || London premiere
|-
| [[1911]] || [[Zina Brozia]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1911 Amalou / @1881 Massenet), Paris production (opera)]] || Paris production
|-
| [[1919]] || [[Lucienne Bréval]] || [[Salomé (1910 @1908 Mariotte), Paris production (opera)]] ||
|}
 
==== ====
 
{| border="1" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
|- bgcolor=yellow
! 1920s !! Salome !! Opera !! Notes
|-
| [[1920]] || [[]] || [[Salomé, vierge folle (Salome, Mad Virgin / 1920 Raphaël), opera]] || Premiere
|-
| [[1921]] || [[Fanny Heldy]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1921 Gaubert / @1881 Massenet), Paris production (opera)]] || Paris production (revival)
|-
| [[1924]] || [[Göta Ljungberg]] || [[Salome (1924 Coates, Ljungberg / @1905 Strauss), sound recording (opera)]] || First sound recording
|-
| [[1924]] || ??? || [[Salome (1924 / @1905 Strauss), Leningrad production (opera)]] || Russian premiere 6 June 1924, State Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre (Mariinsky Theatre), Leningrad
|-
| [[1928]] || [[Ninon Vallin]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1928 Cloëz / @1881 Massenet), sound recording (opera)]] || Paris production
|}
 
==== ====
 
{| border="1" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
|- bgcolor=yellow
! 1930s !! Salome !! Opera !! Notes
|-
| [[1934]] || [[Göta Ljungberg]] || [[Salome (1934 Bodanzky, Ljungberg / @1905 Strauss), sound recording (opera)]] ||
|}
 
==== ====
 
{| border="1" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
|- bgcolor=yellow
! 1940s !! Salome !! Opera !! Notes
|-
| [[1942]] || [[Else Schulz]] || [[Salome (1942 Strauss, Schulz / @1905 Strauss), Vienna production, sound recording (opera)]] ||
|-
| [[1945]] || [[Lily Djanel]] || [[Salome (1945 Sébastian, Djanel / @1905 Strauss), San Francisco production, sound recording (opera)]] ||
|-
| [[1947]] || [[Maria Cebotari]] || [[Salome (1947 Krauss, Cebotari / @1905 Strauss), London production, sound recording (opera)]] ||
|-
| [[1948]] || [[Christel Goltz]] || [[Salome (1948 Keilberth, Goltz / @1905 Strauss), sound recording (opera)]] ||
|-
| [[1949]] || [[Ljuba Welitsch]] || [[Salome (1949 Reiner, Welitsch / @1905 Strauss), New York production, sound recording (opera)]] ||
|}
 
==== ====
 
{| border="1" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
|- bgcolor=yellow
! 1950s !! Performer !! Opera !! Notes
|-
|[[1957]]||[[Helga Pilarczyk]] || [[Salome (1957 Goehr, Pilarczyk / @1905 Strauss), video recording (opera)]] ||
|}
 
==== ====
 
{| border="1" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
|- bgcolor=yellow
! 1970s !! Salome !! Opera / Ballet !! Notes
|-
|[[1971]] || [[Leonie Rysanek]] || [[Salome (1971 Leitner, Rysanek / @1905 Strauss), Munich production, sound recording (opera)]] ||
|-
|[[1971]] || [[Montserrat Caballé]] || [[Salome (1971 Mehta, Caballé / @1905 Strauss), Orange production, sound recording (opera)]] ||
|-
|[[1972]] || [[Leonie Rysanek]] || [[Salome (1972 Böhm, Rysanek / @1905 Strauss), New York production, sound recording (opera)]] ||
|-
|[[1972]] || [[Leonie Rysanek]] || [[Salome (1972 Böhm, Rysanek / @1905 Strauss), Vienna production, sound recording (opera)]] ||
|-
|[[1974]]||[[Teresa Stratas]] || [[Salome (1974 Böhm, Stratas / Friedrich / @1905 Strauss), video recording (opera)]], by [[Richard Strauss]] (mus.) ||
|-
|[[1974]] || [[Leonie Rysanek]] || [[Salome (1974 Kempe, Rysanek / @1905 Strauss), Orange production, sound recording (opera)]] ||
|-
|[[1974]] || [[Muriel de Channes]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1974 Lloyd-Jones / @1881 Massenet), sound recording (opera)]] ||
|-
|[[1975]] || [[Marisa Galvany]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1975 Andersson / @1881 Massenet), New Orleans production, sound recording (opera)]] ||
|-
|[[1977]] || [[Hildegard Behrens]] || [[Salome (1977 Karajan, Behrens / @1905 Strauss), Salzburg production, sound recording (opera)]] ||
|-
|[[1977]] || [[]] || [[Salome, Daughter of Herodias (1977 Sams / Janer), opera]] ||
|-
|[[1977]] || [[Eilene Hannan]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1977 Stapleton / @1881 Massenet), Wexford production, sound recording (opera)]] ||
|-
|[[1978]] || [[Vivi Flindt]] (dancer) || [[Salome (1978 Davies / Flindt), ballet]] ||
|-
|[[1979]]||[[Montserrat Caballé]]|| [[Salome (1979 Rudel, Caballé / @1905 Strauss), Madrid production, video recording (opera)]] ||
|}
 
==== ====
 
{| border="1" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
|- bgcolor=yellow
! 1980s !! Salome !! Opera !! Notes
|-
|[[1984]]|| [[Montserrat Caballé]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1984 Delacôte / @1881 Massenet), Barcelona production, video recording (opera)]] ||
|-
|[[1987]]|| [[Leona Mitchell]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1987 Prêtre / @1881 Massenet), Nice production, sound recording (opera)]] ||
|}
 
==== ====
 
{| border="1" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
|- bgcolor=yellow
!1990s!! Salome !!Opera!!Notes
|-
|[[1990]] || [[Jessye Norman]] || [[Salome (1990 Ozawa, Norman / @1905 Strauss), sound recording (opera)]] ||  ||
|-
|[[1990]] || [[Cheryl Studer]] || [[Salome (1990 Sinopoli, Studer / @1905 Strauss), sound recording (opera)]] ||  ||
|-
|[[1991]] || [[Catherine Malfitano]] || [[Salome (1991 Sinopoli, Malfitano / Weigl, Large / @1905 Strauss), video recording (opera)]] ||  ||
|-
|[[1991]] || [[Karen Huffstodt]] || [[Salome, French ed. (1991 Nagano, Huffstodt / @1905 Strauss), sound recording (opera)]] ||  ||
|-
|[[1992]] || [[Maria Ewing]] || [[Salome (1992 Downes, Ewing / Bailey / @1905 Strauss), video recording (opera)]] ||  ||
|-
|[[1994]] || [[Renée Fleming]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1994 Gergiev / @1881 Massenet), San Francisco production, sound recording (opera)]] ||  ||
|-
|[[1994]] || [[Cheryl Studer]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1994 Plasson / @1881 Massenet), Toulouse production, sound recording (opera)]] ||  ||
|-
|[[1995]] || [[Renée Fleming]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1995 Queler / @1881 Massenet), New York production, sound recording (opera)]] ||  ||
|-
|[[1995]] || [[Nancy Gustafson]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1995 Viotti / @1881 Massenet), Vienna production, sound recording (opera)]] ||  ||
|-
|[[1997]] || [[Catherine Malfitano]] || [[Salome (1997 Dohnányi, Malfitano / Bondy, Hulscher / @1905 Strauss), video recording (opera)]] ||  ||
|}
 
==== ====
 
{| border="1" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
|- bgcolor=yellow
!2000s!! Salome !!Opera!!Notes
|-
|[[2001]] || [[Alexia Cousin]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 2001 Fournillier / @1881 Massenet), Saint-Étienne production, video recording (opera)]] ||  ||
|-
|[[2002]] || [[Barbara Haveman]] || [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 2002 Lacombe / @1881 Massenet), Liege production, sound recording (opera)]] ||  ||
|-
|[[2005]] || [[Kate Aldrich]] || [[Salomé (2005 Layer / @1908 Mariotte), Montpellier production, sound recording (opera)]] ||  || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kate_Aldrich Wiki]]
|-
|[[2008]] || [[Nadja Michael]] || [[Salome (2008 Jordan, Michael / McVicar / @1905 Strauss), London production, video recording (opera)]] || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadja_Michael Wiki.en]
|-
|[[2008]]||[[Karita Mattila]] ||[[Salome (2008 Summers, Mattila / Sweete / @1905 Strauss), video recording (opera)]], , by [[Richard Strauss]] (mus.) || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karita_Mattila Wiki.en]
|}
 
==== ====
 
{| border="1" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
|- bgcolor=yellow
! 2010s !! Salome !! Opera !! Notes
|-
| [[2010]] || ??? || [[Cedar Rapids Opera Theatre Presents: Salome (2010 Johnson / @1905 Strauss), TV film (opera)]] || [ Wiki.en]
|-
|[[2012]]||[[Angela Denoke]] (s.)||[[Salome (2012 Soltesz, Denoke / Lehnhoff / @1905 Strauss), video recording (opera)]], by [[Richard Strauss]] (mus.)|| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Denoke Wiki.en]
|}
 
==== Bibliography ====
 
* [https://www.gramophone.co.uk/features/focus/richard-strausss-salome-which-recording-is-best Richard Strauss's Salome: which recording is best?]
 
== Performing Salome (ballet) ==
 
In the Gospel narrative [[Salome]] "danced" before [[Herod Antipas]], and Christian iconography often represented her in the act of dancing. Hence, whoever performs [[Salome]] must be a dancer (at least to a certain extent), even when she is primarily an actress or a singer.
 
In 1895 [[Loie Fuller]] was the first solo dancer to present a Salome piece and she did it in linea with the old traditional view of Salome as an innocent child. But the great success of [[Oscar Wilde]]'s play (in Paris [1896] and Berlin [1901]) and [[Richard Strauss]]'s opera (1905) changed radically the popular view of [[Salome]], from innocent chid to ''femme fatale''.
 
In Wilde and Strauss the dance of Salome became the epitome of her seductiveness--the Dance of the Seven Veils. Both classical and vaudeville dancers contributed to create the tragic character of a seductive and perverse woman that ultimately destroys herself with the object of her own desires. They offered solo performances, or substituted actresses and singers who were unable or unwilling (for reasons of decency) to perform the Dance of the Seven Veils. And when professional dancers were not involved, actresses and singers turned into dancers, offering some remarkable dancing performances on stage or on the screen.
 
The Salome craze, or ''Salomania'' (as it was renamed by Percival Polland in the New York Time in late August 1908), reached its peak in the years 1907-09, when the Dance of Salome attracted the attention of the most famous ballerinas, becoming for some time a fever that spread in all Europe and the United States. It started in Europe with ''The Vision of Salome'' by Canadian dancer [[Maud Allan]], which premiered in Vienna in December 1906 and then appeared in some of the major European theaters, in Budapest, Berlin, Marienbad, finally to triumph at the Palace Theatre in London in March 1908. In line with the new identity of ''femme fatale'' of the character, in November 1907 [[Loise Fuller]] performed in Paris a very different Salome from her first work on the subject, on music specifically composed by [[Florent Schmitt]].
 
In the meantime, Strauss's ''Salome'' had been first performed in New York on 22 January 1907. As was common practice, dancer [[Bianca Froelich]] substituted soprano [[Olive Fremstad]] during Salome's Dance of the Seven Veils. Her realistic performance contributed to the scandal and the show was cancelled within days. By public demand, Froelich immediately began performing her opera choreography at the Lincoln Square Variety Theater before wildly enthusiastic audiences. It was not long that the Salome Dance entered the vaudeville, performed by Mdlle. Dazie in the Ziegfelt Follies of 1907. The show opened on 9 July 1907 at the ''Jardin de Paris'' in New York.                                                                                                                                 
                                       
The scandal of the New York premiere and the success of these early performances by [[inspired [[Gertrude Hoffman]] to offer her own interpretation of the Vision of Salome. In April 1908 she traveled to Englabd with her husband with the specific goal of getting Allan's dance, which was enjoying a lasting success in London. On 13 July 1908  show opened at Hammerstein's Paradise Garden Roof Theater. It was an overnight sensation and every vaudeville theatre staged its own Salome dance. In the Summer 1908 newspapers and journals in the  Jardin de Paris States denounced an outbreak of "The Salome Epidemic": "There are no many dancers appearing as the daughter of Herodias that it is impossible to make more than a guess at their number. There is hardly a vaudeville house that cannot boast its own Salome, whether it be Hammerstein's Roof Garden, the Casino, the Alhambra, or a third or four class hall" (''The Sketch'' 63 [1908] 345). Among the most celebrated American vaudeville dancers to specialize as "Salome dancers" were Hilde Caroll, La Syplhe, Lotta Faust, Vera Olcott (Theatre Unique), [[Eva Tanguay]], La  Jardin de Paris Zola, [[La Petite Adelaide]], and [[Aida Overton Walker]]. When in 1909 Strauss's Salome returned at New York at the Manhattan Opera House, it was a triumph. Enthusiastic audiences rushed to see soprano [[Mary Garden]] performing herself a much daring version of the ''Dance of Seven Veils''.
 
While the "epidemic" was quickly over, Salome remained a fashionable presence on stage. New productions of Schmitt's ballet were performed in Paris in the 1910s and 1920s. In 1912 in a private performance at Palazzo Barberini before the Prince of San Faustino, [[Mata Hari]] used the Strauss music and played a topless and laughing Salome.
 
Many famous choreographers have recreated Salomé's ''Dance of the Seven Veils'' for productions of either the Wilde play or the Strauss opera, including [[Maurice Bejart]], [[Mark Morris]] (Seattle Opera, 1986), and [[Doug Varone]] (Metropolitan Opera, 2004). Some have created solo performances, based on the music of Strauss or other composers. Some have choreographed ballet music composed by musicians, like [[Florent Schmitt]] and [[Paul Hindemith]], specifically for the Salome dance.
 
Among the most notable actresses and dancers to perform Salome on screen are [[Rita Hayworth]] and [[Brigid Bazlen]]. Only in Pasolini's film ''The Gospel according to Matthew'' (1964), Salome, played by 12-year-old [[Paola Tedesco]], was allowed to return an innocent child, playing an innocent, joyful dance before her parents, unaware of the consequences of her action.
 
The two typologies of Salome, innocent child or perverse seductress, have continued to coexist. In more recent decades a third typology has emerged in some productions that have given a homosexual understanding of the story.
 
In an interview published by Solomon Volkov in 1985, two years after the death of the choreographer, [[George Balanchine]] stated that he always believed that Oscar Wilde was ''thinking of a pretty boy'' when he wrote of Salome. The first production of Salome to play up a transvestite angle was the Italian film director [[Luchino Visconti]]'s production of Strauss's opera at the Spoleto Festival in 1961, under the baton of [[Thomas Schippers]]. There the ''Dance of the Seven Veils'' was performed not by the soprano ([[Margaret Tynes]]) but by a group of young men. Choreographers [[Lyndsay Kemp]] in 1975 and [[Maurice Bejart]] in 1983 even more explicitly linked the character of Salome to transvestitism by adapting the role for a male dancer. Russell's film ''Salome's Last Dance'' (1987) located the representation of Wilde's work in an all-male brothel, revealing at the climax of the ''Dance of the Seven Veils'' that the "female" protagonist ([[Imogen Millais-Scott]]) was transgender.
 
Other versions of the story were choreographed by
* [[Loie Fuller]] (mus. [[Florent Schmitt]], Paris, 1907),
* < [[Alexander Gorsky]] (1871-1924), ''Salome's Dance'' (mus. R. Strauss, Moscow, 1921) >
* [[Kassian Goleizovsky]] (1924)
* [[Ruth St. Denis]] (1931)
* [[Lester Horton]] (between 1931 and 1950)
* [[Ruth Sorel]] (1933)
* [[Serge Lifar]] (1905-1986) (mus. [[Richard Strauss]], Monte Carlo, 1946),
* [[Birgit Cullberg]] (1908-1999) (mus. H. Rosenberg, Stockholm, 1964),
* [[Joseph Lazzini]] (1968)
* Peter Durrell (mus. Hindemith, Scottish Theatre Ballet, 1970), [[Hérodiade (Salome / 1970 @1944 Hindemith / Durrell), ballet]]
* [[Maurice Bejart]] (1970)
* [[Carmen de Lavallade]] and [[James Truitte]] (1973)
* Lindsay Kemp (b.1939) (mus. various, New York, 1975?) (all male version, 1977)
* [[Flemming Flindt]] (mus. Davies, Copenhagen, 1978),
* [[Billy Cratty]] (1986) Transported Salome into the roaring Twenties
* [[Josephine Barstow]] || [[Salome's Dance (1986 Morris / @1905 Strauss), ballet]] || Choreography of Mark Morris for a representation of Strauss's opera Seattle Opera House, 1986, performed by the soprano. Conductor Stefan Minde
* Graeme Murphy (b.1950), ''Salome'' (mus. various, Sydney Dance Company, 1999). (1993? and 1998?)
 
==== Bibliography ====
 
* Marlis Schweitzer, "The Salome Epidemic: Degeneracy, Disease, and Race Suicide," in ''The Oxford Handbook of Dance and Theater'' (Oxford 2015), pp.
* Debra Craine, and Judith Mackrell (eds.), The Oxford Dictionary of Dance, 2010.
* Clair Rowden (ed.), ''Performing Salome, Revealing Stories'' (Routledge, 2013)
* Davinia Caddy, "Variations on the Dance of the Seven Veils," ''Cambridge Opera Journal'' 17.1 (2005) 37–58 [https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/2292/10804/S095458670500193Xa.pdf?sequence=4 ]
* Toni Bentley, ''Sisters of Salome'' (New Haven, 2002).
* William Tydeman and Steven Price, ''Wilde: Salome'' (Cambridge, 1996), 136–51
* Richard Bizot, "The Turn-of-the-Century Salome Era: High- and Pop-Culture Variations on the Dance of the Seven Veils," ''Choreography and Dance'' 2 (1992) 71–87
* Judith Lynne Hanna, ''Dance, Sex, and Gender: Signs of Identity, Dominance, Defiance, and Desire'', University of Chicago Press, 1988
*"The Vulgarization of Salome," ''Current Literature'' 45 (1908) 437-440
==== ====


{| border="1" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
* [[San Giovanni Battista (St. John the Baptist / 1675 Stradella / Ansaldi), oratorio]]
|- bgcolor=yellow
* [[Hérodiade (Herodias / 1881 Massenet / Milliet, Grémont), opera]]
!Year !! Salome !! Ballet !! Notes
* [[Salome (1905 Strauss / Lachmann), opera]]
|-
* [[Salomé (1908 Mariotte / Wilde), opera]]
|[[1895]] || [[Loie Fuller]] || [[Salome (1895 Sylvestre, Pierné, Fuller), ballet]] ||
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|[[1906]] || [[Maud Allan]] || [[The Vision of Salome (1906 Allan), ballet]] ||
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|[[1907]] || [[Bianca Froelich]] || [[Salome (1907 Hertz, Fremstad / @1905 Strauss), New York (Met) premiere]] & [[Salome's Dance (1907 Froelich), ballet]] || Bianca Froelich performed the Dance of the Seven Veils at the New York premiere of [[Richard Strauss]]'s opera.
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|[[1907]] || [[Mdlle. Dazie]] || [[Salome's Dance (1907 Dazie), ballet]] ||
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|[[1908]] || [[Loie Fuller]] || [[La tragédie de Salomé (The Tragedy of Salome / 1907 Schmitt), ballet]], by [[Florent Schmitt]] (mus.) ||
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|[[1908]] || [[Gertrude Hoffmann]] || [[A Vision of Salome (1908 Hoffmann), ballet]] ||
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|[[1908]] || [[Aida Overton Walker]] || [[The Vision of Salome (1908 Overton-Walker), ballet]] ||
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|[[1908]] || [[Eva Tanguay]] || [[The Vision of Salome (1908 Tanguay), ballet]] ||
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|[[1908]] || [[Ida Rubinstein]] || [[Salome (1908 Fokine, Glazunov), ballet]] || Mimed performance at St. Petersburg. Music: Glazunov Set & costumes: Bakst.
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| [[1909]] || [[Mary Garden]] || [[Salomé, French ed. (Salome / 1909 Garden / @1905 Strauss), New York (Manhattan) production]] || Manhattan Opera House
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|[[1912]] || [[Mata Hari]] || [[Salome's Dance (1912 Hari / @1905 Strauss), ballet]] ||
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|[[1912]]||[[Natasha Trouhanova]] || [[Florent Schmitt]] -- [[La tragédie de Salomé (The Tragedy of Salome / 1912 Guerra / @1907 Schmitt), ballet]] || Schmitt revised the score for Natasha Trouhanova in 1912 which was choreographed by Nicholas Guerra.
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|[[1913]] || [[Tamara Karsarvina]] || [[La tragédie de Salomé (The Tragedy of Salome / 1913 Romanov / @1907 Schmitt), ballet]]|| In 1913 the Diaghilev’s company (Ballets Russes) staged a version with the choreography by Boris Romanov starring Tamara Karsarvina. Decor: Sergei Soudeikine. There was a later production by Serge Lifar.
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|[[1917]] || [[Alisa Koonen]] || [[Salomé (1917 Mordkin, Gyutel), ballet]]|| Kamerny Thatre, Moscow, 9 October 1917 - Music: Jules Gyutel -- Alisa Koonen (Salome), Ivan Arkadin (Herod Antipas), Nikolai Tseretelli (John the Baptist)
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|[[1919]]||[[Ida Rubinstein]] || [[La tragédie de Salomé (The Tragedy of Salome / 1919 Guerra / @1907 Schmitt), ballet]] || New choreography by [[Nicholas Guerra]].
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|[[1921]]|| [[Aleksandra Balashova]] || [[Salome's Dance (1921 Gorsky / @1905 Strauss), ballet]] || Moscow production (January 1921). Last ballet of Balashova (1887-1979) in Russia before leaving for America.
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|[[1928]]|| [[Olga Spessivtseva]] || [[La tragédie de Salomé (The Tragedy of Salome / 1928 / @1907 Schmitt), Paris production (ballet)]] || Paris production
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|[[1944]]|| ??? || [[La tragédie de Salomé (The Tragedy of Salome / 1944 / @1907 Schmitt), Paris production (ballet)]] || Paris production
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|[[1944]]|| [[Martha Graham]] || [[Hérodiade (Salome / 1944 Hindemith / Graham), ballet]] ||
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|[[1946]]|| [[Olga Adabache]] || [[Salome (1946 Lifar / @1905 Strauss), ballet]] || Monte Carlo
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|[[1949]]||[[Celia Franca]] || [[The Dance of Salome (1949 Franca / Hartley), TV film (ballet)]]||Silent film.
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|[[1953]]||[[Rita Hayworth]]||[[Salome (1953 Dieterle), feature film]]|| USA [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rita_Hayworth Wiki] [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000028/ Imdb]
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|[[1954]]|| [[Lycette Darsonval]] || [[La tragédie de Salomé (The Tragedy of Salome / 1954 Aveline / @1907 Schmitt), Paris production (ballet)]] || Paris production
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|[[1961]]||[[Brigid Bazlen]] (actress)||[[King of Kings (1961 Ray), feature film]] - Based on the [[Gospel of Mark]] and the [[Gospel of Matthew]] || United States
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|[[1964]]||[[Paola Tedesco]] (child actress)||[[Il vangelo secondo Matteo (The Gospel According to St. Matthew / 1964 Pasolini), feature film]] - Based on the [[Gospel of Matthew]] || Italy
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|[[1973]]||[[Ludmilla Tchérina]] (dancer)||[[Salomé (Salome / 1973 Koralnik), TV film-play]] - Filmization of the 1893 Wilde play. Choreographed by [[Maurice Béjart]] || Produced and broadcast in France (9 May 1969).
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|[[1973]]||[[Carla Fracci]] || [[La tragédie de Salomé (The Tragedy of Salome / 1973 Gai / @1907 Schmitt), ballet]] || Maggio Musicale Fiorentino. New choreography by [[Loris Gai]]. Bruce Marks ([[Herod Antipas]]), [[Sallie Wilson]] ([[Herodias]]), [[Carla Fracci]] (Salome), Francois Klaus ([[John the Baptist]]). 19, 21, 22, 23 June 1973 (4 performances) [[Edoardo Muller]], conductor
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|[[1977]] || [[Lindsay Kemp]] || [[Salome (1977 Kemp), ballet]] || Lindsay Kemp Company, Roundhouse, London, 21 February 1977 -- All-male performance -- Lindsay Kemp (Salome), Vladek Sheybal (Herod Antipas), The Incredible Orlando (Herodias), David Haughton (John the Baptist)
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|[[1978]] || [[Vivi Flindt]] || [[Salome (1978 Davies / Flindt), ballet]] ||
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|[[1983]] || [[Patrick Dupont]] || [[Salome (1983 Bejart / Drigo), ballet]] || Maurice Bejart]] (1983) First produced in Geneva, with recorded music by Riccardo Drigo. Salome here a male dancer, Patrick Dupont, who performs a solo in an imposing gown, unequivocally linking the character to transvestitism.
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|[[2002]] || [[Aída Gómez]] || [[Salomé (Salome / 2002 Saura / Baños, Tomatito), film-ballet]] ||
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|[[2013]]||[[Viktoria Brilyova]] || [[La tragédie de Salomé (The Tragedy of Salome / 2013 Faski / @1907 Schmitt), St. Petersburg production (ballet)]] || [[Emil Faski]], chor. The Mariinsky Ballet’s production premiered in Russia on 9 March 2013 at the XIII Ballet Festival MARIINSKY, followed by stagings outside the country, including May 28, 29, 30, 31, June 1, 2013 – Teatro Verdi Orchestra (Trieste); Alexei Repnikov, conductor
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Latest revision as of 02:29, 28 May 2019

Music (Home Page)
Salome (Home Page)
File:Film 1974 Friedrich.jpg
1974 (Friedrich)
2008 (Jordan)
2008 (Sweete)
2012 (Lehnhoff)

Works of music related to Salome

Pages in category "Salome--music (subject)"

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