Difference between revisions of "Category:High Priest (subject)"

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The High Priest was the supreme religious authority of the Second Temple.
*[[:Category:People|BACK TO THE PEOPLE--INDEX]]


==History==
 
The '''High Priests''' were the supreme religious authority of the Second Temple.
 
==Overview==


==List of High Priests, and years in office==
==List of High Priests, and years in office==
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====Persian Period====
====Persian Period====


*1. [[:Category:Joshua (subject)|Joshua]], son of Jehozadak, ca. 515-490 BCE
*1. [[Joshua ben Jehozadak]], ca. 515-490 BCE ([[House of Zadok]])


*2. [[:Category:Joiakim (subject)|Joiakim]], son of Joshua, ca. 490-470 BCE
*2. [[Joiakim ben Joshua]], ca. 490-470 BCE ([[House of Zadok]])
      
      
*3. [[:Category:Eliashib (subject)|Eliashib]], son of Joiakim, ca. 470-433 BCE
*3. [[Eliashib ben Joiakim]], ca. 470-433 BCE ([[House of Zadok]])
      
      
*4. [[:Category:Joiada (subject)|Joiada]], son of Eliashib, ca. 433-410 BCE
*4. [[Joiada ben Eliashib]], ca. 433-410 BCE ([[House of Zadok]])


*5. [[:Category:Johanan (subject)|Johanan]], son of Joiada, ca. 410-371 BCE
*5. [[Johanan ben Joiada]], ca. 410-371 BCE ([[House of Zadok]])
      
      
*6. [[:Category:Jaddua (subject)|Jaddua]], son of Johanan, ca. 371-320 BCE
*6. [[Jaddua ben Johanan]], ca. 371-320 BCE ([[House of Zadok]])


====Greek Period====
====Greek Period====


*7. [[:Category:Onias I (subject)|Onias I]], son of Jaddua, ca. 320-280 BCE
*7. [[Onias I]], son of Jaddua, ca. 320-280 BCE ([[House of Zadok]])


*8. [[:Category:Simon I (subject)|Simon I]], son of Onias, ca. 280-260 BCE
*8. [[Simon I]], son of Onias, ca. 280-260 BCE ([[House of Zadok]])


*9. [[:Category:Eleazar (subject)|Eleazar]], son of Onias, ca. 260-245 BCE
*9. [[Eleazar ben Onias]], ca. 260-245 BCE ([[House of Zadok]])


*10. [[:Category:Manasseh (subject)|Manasseh]], son of Jaddua, ca. 245-240 BCE
*10. [[Manasseh ben Jaddua]], ca. 245-240 BCE ([[House of Zadok]])
*11. [[Onias II]], son of Simon, ca. 240-218 BCE ([[House of Zadok]])


*11. [[:Category:Onias II (subject)|Onias II]], son of Simon, ca. 240-218 BCE
*12. [[Simon II]], son of Onias, 218-185 BCE ([[House of Zadok]])


*12. [[:Category:Simon II (subject)|Simon II]], son of Onias, 218-185 BCE
*13. [[Onias III]], son of Simon, 185-175 BCE, murdered 170 BCE ([[House of Zadok]])


*13. [[:Category:Onias III (subject)|Onias III]], son of Simon, 185-175 BCE, murdered 170 BCE
*14. [[Jason]], son of Simon, 175-172 BCE ([[House of Zadok]])


*14. [[:Category:Jason (subject)|Jason]], son of Simon, 175-172 BCE
*15. [[Menelaus]], 172-162 BCE
** Ordered the assassination of [[Onias III]] in 170 BCE.
** [[Onias IV]] fled to Egypt.


*15. [[:Category:Menelaus (subject)|Menelaus]], 172-162 BCE
*16. [[Alcimus]], 162-159 BCE
 
*16. [[:Category:Alcimus (subject)|Alcimus]], 162-159 BCE


<Inter-Sacerdotium>, 159-153
<Inter-Sacerdotium>, 159-153
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====Hasmonean Period====
====Hasmonean Period====


*17. [[:Category:Jonathan Maccabeus (subject)|Jonathan Maccabeus]], son of [[:Category:Mattathias (subject)|Mattathias]], and brother of [[:Category:Judas Maccabeus (subject)|Judas Maccabeus]], 153-143 BCE  
*17. [[Jonathan Maccabeus]], son of [[Mattathias]], and brother of [[Judas Maccabeus]], 153-143 BCE ([[House of Hasmoneus]])


*18. [[:Category:Simon Maccabeus (subject)|Simon Maccabeus]], son of [[:Category:Mattathias (subject)|Mattathias]], and  brother of [[:Category:Jonathan Maccabeus (subject)|Jonathan Maccabeus]], 142-134 BCE  
*18. [[Simon Maccabeus]], son of [[Mattathias]], and  brother of [[Jonathan Maccabeus]], 142-134 BCE ([[House of Hasmoneus]])


*19. [[:Category:John Hyrcanus (subject)|John Hyrcanus]], son of [[:Category:Simon Maccabeus (subject)|Simon Maccabeus]], 134-104 BCE
*19. [[John Hyrcanus]], son of [[Simon Maccabeus]], 134-104 BCE ([[House of Hasmoneus]])
      
      
*20. [[:Category:Aristobulus (subject)|Aristobulus]], son of [[:Category:John Hyrcanus (subject)|John Hyrcanus]], 104-103 BCE
*20. [[Aristobulus]], son of [[John Hyrcanus]], 104-103 BCE ([[House of Hasmoneus]])


*21. [[:Category:Alexander Jannaeus (subject)|Alexander Jannaeus]], son of [[:Category:John Hyrcanus (subject)|John Hyrcanus]], and brother of [[:Category:Aristobulus (subject)|Aristobulus]], 103-76 BCE
*21. [[Alexander Jannaeus]], son of [[John Hyrcanus]], and brother of [[Aristobulus]], 103-76 BCE ([[House of Hasmoneus]])


*22. [[:Category:John Hyrcanus II (subject)|John Hyrcanus II]], son of [[:Category:Alexander Jannaeus (subject)|Alexander Jannaeus]], 76-67 (as High Priest), 66 (as High Priest and King), and 63-40 (as High Priest)
*22. [[John Hyrcanus II]], son of [[Alexander Jannaeus]], 76-67 (as High Priest), 66 (as High Priest and King), and 63-40 (as High Priest) ([[House of Hasmoneus]])


*23. [[:Category:Aristobulus II (subject)|Aristobulus II]], son of [[:Category:Alexander Jannaeus (subject)|Alexander Jannaeus]] and [[:Category:Salome Alexandra  (subject)|Salome Alexandra ]], brother of [[:Category:John Hyrcanus II (subject)|John Hyrcanus II]], 66-63 BCE (as High Priest and King)
*23. [[Aristobulus II]], son of [[Alexander Jannaeus]] and [[Salome Alexandra]], brother of [[John Hyrcanus II]], 66-63 BCE (as High Priest and King) ([[House of Hasmoneus]])


====Roman Period====
====Roman Period====


*[22 bis] [[:Category:John Hyrcanus II (subject)|John Hyrcanus II]], 63-40  
*[22 bis] [[John Hyrcanus II]], 63-40 BCE ([[House of Hasmoneus]])
**Was the son of [[:Category:Alexander Jannaeus (subject)|Alexander Jannaeus]], and the brother of [[:Category:Aristobulus II (subject)|Aristobulus II]]
**Was the son of [[Alexander Jannaeus]], and the brother of [[Aristobulus II]]
**Was restored by the Romans as High Priest
**Was restored by the Romans as High Priest


*24. [[:Category:Antigonus (subject)|Antigonus]], 40-37  
*24. [[Antigonus]], 40-37 BCE ([[House of Hasmoneus]])
**Was the younger son of [[:Category:Aristobulus II (subject)|Aristobulus II]], and the nephew of [[:Category:John Hyrcanus II (subject)|John Hyrcanus II]]
**Was the younger son of [[Aristobulus II]], and the nephew of [[John Hyrcanus II]]
**Was supported by the Parthians as High Priest and King
**Was supported by the [[Parthians]] as High Priest and King


''Appointed by [[Herod the Great]]:''
''Appointed by [[Herod the Great]]:''
*25. [[Ananel]] (Ananelus), 37-35 BCE
*25. [[Ananel]] (Ananelus, Hananel, Hanameel), 37-35 BCE
**Served under [[Herod the Great]]
**Served under [[Herod the Great]]
**Came from the Diaspora community in Babylon.
**Came from the Diaspora community in Babylon.


*26. [[:Category:Aristobulus III (subject)|Aristobulus III]], 35 BCE  
*26. [[Aristobulus III]], 35 BCE ([[House of Hasmoneus]])
**Was a member of the Hasmonean dynasty, the son of [[Alexander of Judaea]] and [[Alexandra the Hasmonean]], and the brother of Herod's wife [[:Category:Mariamne (subject)|Mariamne]]
**Was a member of the Hasmonean dynasty, the son of [[Alexander of Judaea]] and [[Alexandra the Hasmonean]], and the brother of Herod's wife [[Mariamne]]
**Served under [[:Category:Herod the Great (subject)|Herod the Great]]), who had him murdered.
**Served under [[Herod the Great]]), who had him murdered.


*[25 bis] [[Ananel]] (Ananelus) restored) 35-30? BCE  
*[25 bis] [[Ananel]] (Ananelus) restored) 35-30? BCE  
**Was restored by [[Herod the Great]] after the assassination of [[Aristobulus III]]
**Was restored by [[Herod the Great]] after the assassination of [[Aristobulus III]]


*27. Joshua ben Phiabi 30?-23? BCE  
*27. [[Joshua ben Phiabi]], 30?-23? BCE  
**Served under [[Herod the Great]]
**Served under [[Herod the Great]]


*28. [[Simon ben Boethus]], 23? to 5 BCE  
*28. [[Simon ben Boethus]], 23? to 5 BCE ([[House of Boethus]])
**Served under [[Herod the Great]]
**Served under [[Herod the Great]]


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**Served under [[Herod the Great]]
**Served under [[Herod the Great]]


*30. [[Joazar ben Boethus]] 4 BCE  
*30. [[Joazar ben Boethus]] 4 BCE ([[House of Boethus]])
**Served under [[Herod the Great]]
**Served under [[Herod the Great]]


''Appointed by [[Herod Archelaus]]:''  
''Appointed by [[Herod Archelaus]]:''  
*31. [[Eleazar ben Boethus]], 4-3 BCE  
 
*31. [[Eleazar ben Boethus]], 4-3 BCE ([[House of Boethus]])
**Served under [[Herod Archelaus]]  
**Served under [[Herod Archelaus]]  


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**Served under [[Herod Archelaus]]  
**Served under [[Herod Archelaus]]  


*[30 bis] Joazar ben Boethus restored, ? - 6 CE  
*[30 bis] [[Joazar ben Boethus]] restored, ? - 6 CE  
**Served under [[Herod Archelaus]]  
**Served under [[Herod Archelaus]]  


''Appointed by [[Quirinius]]:''
''Appointed by [[Quirinius]]:''
*33. [[:Category:Annas (subject)|Annas]] (Ananus ben Seth), 6-15  
 
*33. [[Annas]] ([[Ananus ben Seth]]), 6-15 CE ([[House of Annas]])
**Served under all Roman Governors appointed by [[Augustus]], namely, [[Coponius]], [[Ambivulus]], and [[Rufus]]
**Served under all Roman Governors appointed by [[Augustus]], namely, [[Coponius]], [[Ambivulus]], and [[Rufus]]


''Appointed by [[Valerius Gratus]]:''
''Appointed by [[Valerius Gratus]]:''
*34. [[Ishmael ben Phiabi]] (Ishmael ben Fabus), 15-16  
*34. [[Ishmael ben Phiabi]] (Ishmael ben Fabus), 15-16  
**Served under Roman Governor [[Gratus]], and Emperor [[Tiberius]]
**Served under Roman Governor [[Gratus]], and Emperor [[Tiberius]]


*35. [[Eleazar ben Ananus]], son of [[:Category:Annas (subject)|Annas]], 16-17  
*35. [[Eleazar ben Ananus]], son of [[Annas]], 16-17 ([[House of Annas]])
**Served under Roman Governor [[Gratus]], and Emperor [[Tiberius]]
**Served under Roman Governor [[Gratus]], and Emperor [[Tiberius]]


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**Served under Roman Governor [[Gratus]], and Emperor [[Tiberius]]
**Served under Roman Governor [[Gratus]], and Emperor [[Tiberius]]


*37. [[:Category:Caiaphas (subject)|Caiaphas]] (Joseph Caiaphas), 18-36
*37. [[Caiaphas]] (Joseph Caiaphas), 18-36 ([[House of Annas]])
**Was the son-in-law of [[Annas]]
**Was the son-in-law of [[Annas]]
**Served under Roman Governors, [[Gratus]] and [[Pontius Pilate]], and Emperor [[Tiberius]]  
**Served under Roman Governors, [[Gratus]] and [[Pontius Pilate]], and Emperor [[Tiberius]]  


''Appointed by [[Vitellius]]:''
''Appointed by [[Vitellius]]:''
*38. [[Jonathan ben Ananus]], son of [[:Category:Annas (subject)|Annas]], 36-37
*38. [[Jonathan ben Ananus]], son of [[Annas]], 36-37 ([[House of Annas]])
**Served under Roman Governor, [[Marcellus]], and Emperor [[Tiberius]]
**Served under Roman Governor, [[Marcellus]], and Emperor [[Tiberius]]


*39. [[Theophilus ben Ananus]], son of [[:Category:Annas (subject)|Annas]], 37-41  
*39. [[Theophilus ben Ananus]], son of [[Annas]], 37-41 ([[House of Annas]])
**Served under Roman Governor [[Marullus]], and Emperor [[Caligula]]
**Served under Roman Governor [[Marullus]], and Emperor [[Caligula]]


''Appointed by [[Herod Agrippa]]:''
''Appointed by [[Herod Agrippa]]:''
*40. [[Simon Cantheras ben Boethus]], 41-42
 
*40. [[Simon Cantheras ben Boethus]], 41-42 ([[House of Boethus]])
**Served under King [[Herod Agrippa]], and Emperor [[Claudius]]  
**Served under King [[Herod Agrippa]], and Emperor [[Claudius]]  


*41. [[Matthias ben Ananus]], son of [[:Category:Annas (subject)|Annas]], 43
*41. [[Matthias ben Ananus]], son of [[Annas]], 43 ([[House of Annas]])
**Served under King [[Herod Agrippa]], and Emperor [[Claudius]]
**Served under King [[Herod Agrippa]], and Emperor [[Claudius]]


*42. [[Elionaeus ben Cantheras]] 43-44  
*42. [[Elionaeus ben Cantheras]] 43-44 ([[House of Boethus]])
**Served under King [[Herod Agrippa]], and Emperor [[Claudius]]
**Served under King [[Herod Agrippa]], and Emperor [[Claudius]]


*[38 bis] Jonathan ben Ananus, son of [[:Category:Annas (subject)|Annas]], 44
*[38 bis] [[Jonathan ben Ananus]], son of [[Annas]], 44 ([[House of Annas]])
**Was restored under King [[Herod Agrippa]], and Emperor [[Claudius]]
**Was restored under King [[Herod Agrippa]], and Emperor [[Claudius]]


''Appointed by [[Herod of Chalcis]]:''
''Appointed by [[Herod of Chalcis]]:''
*43. [[Joseph ben Camei]] (Josephus ben Camydus), 44-46
*43. [[Joseph ben Camei]] (Josephus ben Camydus), 44-46
**Served under Roman Governor [[Fadus]], and Emperor [[Claudius]]
**Served under Roman Governor [[Fadus]], and Emperor [[Claudius]]
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**Served under Roman Governors [[Tiberius Alexander]] and [[Cumanus]], and Emperor [[Claudius]]
**Served under Roman Governors [[Tiberius Alexander]] and [[Cumanus]], and Emperor [[Claudius]]


*[38 ter] Jonathan, 52-56
''Appointed by [[Herod Agrippa II]]:''
 
*[38 ter] [[Jonathan ben Ananus]], 52-56 ([[House of Annas]])
**Was restored under Roman Governor [[Felix]], and Emperors [[Claudius]] and [[Nero]])
**Was restored under Roman Governor [[Felix]], and Emperors [[Claudius]] and [[Nero]])


''Appointed by [[Herod Agrippa II]]:''
*45. [[Ishmael ben Phiabi II]] (Ishmael ben Fabus II), 56-62  
*45. [[Ishmael ben Phiabi II]] (Ishmael ben Fabus II), 56-62  
**Served under Roman Governor [[Festus]], and Emperor [[Nero]])  
**Served under Roman Governor [[Festus]], and Emperor [[Nero]])  
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**Served under Roman Governor [[Albinus]], and Emperor [[Nero]]
**Served under Roman Governor [[Albinus]], and Emperor [[Nero]]


*47. [[:Category:Ananus ben Ananus (subject)|Ananus ben Ananus]], son of [[:Category:Annas (subject)|Annas]], 63
*47. [[Ananus ben Ananus]], son of [[Annas]], 63 ([[House of Annas]])
**Appointed by [[Herod Agrippa II]], was removed from office by Roman Governor [[Albinus]]
**Appointed by [[Herod Agrippa II]], was removed from office by Roman Governor [[Albinus]]


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**Appointed by [[Herod Agrippa II]], served under Roman Governor [[Albinus]]
**Appointed by [[Herod Agrippa II]], served under Roman Governor [[Albinus]]


*49. [[Joshua ben Gamaliel]] 63-64
*49. [[Joshua ben Gamaliel]] 63-64 ([[House of Boethus]])
**Appointed by [[Herod Agrippa II]], served under Roman Governor [[Albinus]]
**Appointed by [[Herod Agrippa II]], served under Roman Governor [[Albinus]]
**According to the Mishnah, his wife Martha belonged to the House of [[Boethus]]  
**According to the Mishnah, his wife Martha belonged to the House of [[Boethus]]  


*50. [[Matthias ben Theophilus]], 65-68?  
*50. [[Mattathias ben Theophilus]], 65-68? ([[House of Annas]])
**Appointed by [[Herod Agrippa II]], served under Roman Governor [[Florus]], and Emperor [[Nero]], and in the first two years of the Jewish War
**Appointed by [[Herod Agrippa II]], served under Roman Governor [[Florus]], and Emperor [[Nero]], and in the first two years of the Jewish War
**Might be the son of [[Theophilus ben Ananus]] and then the grandson of [[:Category:Annas (subject)|Annas]]
**Might be the son of [[Theophilus ben Ananus]] and then the grandson of [[:Category:Annas (subject)|Annas]]


''Appointed by the Zealots:''  
''Appointed by the Zealots:''  
*51. [[Phannias ben Samuel]], 68?-70?  
*51. [[Phannias ben Samuel]], 68?-70?  
**Was chosen by lot by the rebels during the [[Jewish War]]
**Was chosen by lot by the rebels during the [[Jewish War]]


==The High Priest in ancient sources==
==In Depth==


==The High Priest in Scholarship==
* [[High Priest (sources)]] -- survey of ancient sources


==The High Priest in Fiction==
* [[High Priest (arts)]] -- survey of fictional works
 
* [[High Priest (research)]] -- survey of scholarly works


==Related categories==
==Related categories==
*[[:Category:Zadokites (subject)|Zadokites (subject)]] / [[:Category:Hasmoneans (subject)|Hasmoneans (subject)]]
 
*[[Zadokites]] / [[Hasmoneans]] / [[House of Annas]] / [[House of Boethus]]
 
==References==
 
*'''High Priests''' / [[James C. VanderKam]] / In: [[The Eerdmans Dictionary of Early Judaism (2010 Collins / Harlow), edited volume]], 739-741


==External links==
==External links==
*[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_High_Priests_of_Israel Wikipedia]
*[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_High_Priests_of_Israel Wikipedia]


[[Category:Subjects]]
 
 
[[Category:Index (database)]]
[[Category:People (database)]]

Latest revision as of 06:59, 23 July 2012


The High Priests were the supreme religious authority of the Second Temple.

Overview

List of High Priests, and years in office

Persian Period

Greek Period

<Inter-Sacerdotium>, 159-153

Hasmonean Period

Roman Period

Appointed by Herod the Great:

  • 25. Ananel (Ananelus, Hananel, Hanameel), 37-35 BCE

Appointed by Herod Archelaus:

Appointed by Quirinius:

Appointed by Valerius Gratus:

Appointed by Vitellius:

Appointed by Herod Agrippa:

Appointed by Herod of Chalcis:

Appointed by Herod Agrippa II:

Appointed by the Zealots:

In Depth

Related categories

References

External links

Pages in category "High Priest (subject)"

The following 16 pages are in this category, out of 16 total.

Media in category "High Priest (subject)"

The following 4 files are in this category, out of 4 total.