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'''History and Religion of Second Temple Judaism''' is a graduate course offered by [[Gabriele Boccaccini]] (University of Michigan) at the Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism in the Summer 2012. | '''History and Religion of Second Temple Judaism''' is a graduate course offered by [[Gabriele Boccaccini]] (University of Michigan) at the [http://iishj.org/ International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism] in the Summer 2012. | ||
== Description == | == Description == | ||
| Line 11: | Line 11: | ||
== Schedule == | == Schedule == | ||
*(a) 9:00am-10: | *(a) 9:00am-10:00am / (b) 10:15am-11:15pm / (c) 11:30am-12:30pm | ||
*(d) 1:30pm-2: | *(d) 1:30pm-2:30pm / (e) 2:45pm-3:45pm / (f) 4:00pm-5:00pm | ||
====Monday, 20 August 2012 ==== | ====Monday, 20 August 2012 ==== | ||
Introduction to Second Temple Judaism | Introduction to [[Second Temple Judaism]] | ||
* (a) From Judaism to Judaisms: Survey of the History of Research, from Josephus to the present | * (a) From Judaism to Judaisms: Survey of the History of Research, from Josephus to the present | ||
* (b) Four Contemporary Approaches (Sanders, Schiffman, Cohen, Grabbe) | * (b) Four Contemporary Approaches (Sanders, Schiffman, Cohen, Grabbe) | ||
* (c) The [[Enoch Seminar]] and 4 Enoch: The Online Encyclopedia | * (c) Ancient and modern sources for the study of Second Temple Judaism. The [[Enoch Seminar]] and [[4 Enoch: The Online Encyclopedia of Second Temple Judaism and Christian Origins]]. | ||
The [[Babylonian Period]] | |||
*(d) From Polytheism to Monotheism (Kings, Deutero-Isaiah): the reforms of [[Hezekiah]] and [[Josiah]] and the role of the prophets ([[Isaiah]], [[Jeremiah]]...) | |||
*(d) From Polytheism to Monotheism (Kings, Deutero-Isaiah) | *(e) The Babylonian exile: [[Jehoiachin]], [[Zedekiah]], and [[Sheshbazzar]]. | ||
*(e) The | *(f) Workshop ([[Josiah]], [[Levi]], [[Zadok]], [[Jehoiachin]], [[Zedekiah]]) | ||
*(f) Workshop | |||
====Tuesday, 21 August 2012==== | ====Tuesday, 21 August 2012==== | ||
The Restoration | The Restoration ([[Persian Period]]) | ||
*(d) | *(a) The Rise of the [[House of Zadok]] (Ezekiel 40-48) and the End of the [[House of David]] | ||
*(e) The Zadokite | *(b) [[Sons of Levi]], [[Sons of Aaron]], [[Sons of Phinehas]]: The New Structure of the Jerusalem Priesthood | ||
*(f) Workshop | *(c) Workshop ([[Levi]], [[Aaron]], [[Phinehas]], [[Zadok]], [[Zerubbabel]]) | ||
*(d) [[Nehemiah]] and [[Ezra]]: The [[Zadokites]] and Their Opponents (Prophets, [[Tobiads]], the [[Samaritan Schism]]) | |||
*(e) The Zadokite Worldview (Priestly Writing, Chronicles) | |||
*(f) Workshop ([[Ezra]], [[Nehemiah]], [[Cyrus]], [[Persian Kings]]) | |||
====Wednesday, 22 August 2012==== | ====Wednesday, 22 August 2012==== | ||
*(a) The Priestly Opposition: Enochic Judaism (Book of the Watchers) | *(a) The Priestly Opposition: [[Enochic Judaism]] (Book of the Watchers) | ||
*(b) The Zadokite and Enochic Sabbatical Calendars (Book of Astronomy) | *(b) The Zadokite and Enochic Sabbatical Calendars (Book of Astronomy) | ||
*(c) Workshop | *(c) Workshop ([[Enoch]], [[Noah]], [[Michael]], the [[Devil]], [[Gabriel]]) | ||
*(d) The Lay Opposition: Sapiential Judaism ( | *(d) The Lay Opposition: Sapiential Judaism (Ahiqar, Proverbs, Job, Jonah) | ||
*(e) The Early Ptolemaic Period and the Clash between Zadokite and Sapiential Judaism (Qohelet) | *(e) The Early Ptolemaic Period and the Clash between Zadokite and Sapiential Judaism (Qohelet) | ||
*(f) Workshop | *(f) Workshop ([[Ahiqar]], [[Job]], [[Zenon]], [[Solomon]], [[Jonah]]) | ||
====Thursday, 23 August 2012==== | ====Thursday, 23 August 2012==== | ||
The | The Rapprochement between Zadokite and Sapiential Judaism | ||
*(a) The Late Ptolemaic Period (Septuagint, Artapanus, Tobit) | *(a) The Late Ptolemaic Period (Septuagint, Artapanus, Tobit) | ||
*(b) The Early Seleucid Period: The Golden Age of Zadokite Priesthood (Sirach) | *(b) The Early Seleucid Period: The Golden Age of Zadokite Priesthood (Sirach) | ||
*(c) Workshop | *(c) Workshop ([[[Zadokites]], [[Ptolomeis]], [[Seleucids]], [[Tobiads]], [[Ben Sira]]) | ||
The Maccabean Revolt | The [[Maccabean Revolt]] | ||
*(d) The End of the Zadokite Power: Hellenists and Anti-Hellenists | *(d) The End of the Zadokite Power: Hellenists and Anti-Hellenists | ||
*(e) Maccabees, Enochians (Dream Visions) and Sadducees (Baruch) | *(e) [[Maccabees]], [[Enochians]] (Dream Visions) and [[Sadducees]] (Baruch) | ||
*(f) Workshop | *(f) Workshop ([[Jason]], [[Menelaus]], [[Judas Maccabeus]], [[Alcimus]], [[Antiochus IV]]) | ||
====Friday, 24 August 2012==== | ====Friday, 24 August 2012==== | ||
| Line 64: | Line 67: | ||
In the Aftermath of the Revolt | In the Aftermath of the Revolt | ||
*(a) A Third Way between Zadokite and Enochic Judaism (Daniel) | *(a) A Third Way between Zadokite and Enochic Judaism (Daniel) | ||
*(b) The | *(b) The [[Hasmoneans]] (1 Maccabees) and the Pharisaic Opposition (2 Maccabees) | ||
*(c) Workshop | *(c) Workshop ([[Daniel]], [[Judith]], [[Salome Alexandra]], [[Hasmoneans]]) | ||
*(d) The | *(d) The [[Hasmonean Period]]: History and religion | ||
*(e) The Evidence of the Qumran Library. Developments and Hopes of the Enochic Movement (Jubilees, 1QT) | |||
*(f) Workshop | *(f) Workshop ([[Teacher of Righteouness]], [[Essenes]] according to Philo, Josephus and other sources) | ||
====Monday, 27 August 2012==== | ====Monday, 27 August 2012==== | ||
The | The | ||
*(a) From Enochians to Essenes (Proto-epistle, 4QMMT) | |||
*(b) | *(a) From [[Enochians]] to [[Essenes]] (Proto-epistle, 4QMMT) to [[Qumranites]] (Damascus Document) | ||
*(c) Workshop | *(b) The Sectarian Worldview (Community Rule, War Scroll) | ||
*(c) Workshop ( | |||
The Herodian Period | |||
*(d) | *(d) Herodians and Hasmoneans | ||
*(e) Enoch vs. Qumran (Epistle of Enoch, Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs) | *(e) Enoch vs. Qumran (Epistle of Enoch, Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs) | ||
*(f) Workshop | *(f) Workshop ([[Herod the Great]], [[Herodians]], [[Hasmoneans]]) | ||
====Tuesday, 28 May 2012==== | ====Tuesday, 28 May 2012==== | ||
| Line 89: | Line 95: | ||
The Rise of Messianism | The Rise of Messianism | ||
*(c) The Sadducean Messiahs and the Pharisaic | *(c) The Sadducean Messiahs and the Pharisaic [[Son of David]] (Psalms of Solomon) | ||
*(d) The Qumran Messiahs and the Enochic | *(d) The Qumran Messiahs and the Enochic [[Son of Man]] ([[Parables of Enoch]]) | ||
====Wednesday, 29 August 2012==== | ====Wednesday, 29 August 2012==== | ||
Christian Origins | Christian Origins | ||
*(a) The | *(a) The Roman period: the first [[Roman Governors of Judea]] and the generation of the children and grandchildren of Herod | ||
*(b) John the Baptist (Life of Adam and Eve) | *(b) [[John the Baptist]] (Life of Adam and Eve) | ||
*(c) Workshop | *(c) Workshop [[John the Baptist]], [[Herod Antipas]], [[Herodias]] & [[Salome]], [[Herod Archelaus]] & [[Herod Philip]], [[Pilate]]) | ||
*(d) The Life and Teaching of Jesus the Essene (Mark) | *(d) The Life and Teaching of Jesus the Essene (Mark) | ||
*(e) Christianity as an Early Jewish | *(e) Christianity as an Early Jewish Movement (James and Paul) | ||
*(f) Workshop | *(f) Workshop ([[Herod Agrippa I]], [[James]], [[Paul]], [[Peter]] & [[John]], later [[Roman Governors of Judea]]) | ||
====Thursday, 30 August 2012==== | ====Thursday, 30 August 2012==== | ||
The Destruction of the Temple | The Destruction of the Temple | ||
*(d) Christian Responses: The Development of the Logos Christology and the Separation from | *(a) [[Roman Governors of Judea]] and the last [[Herodians]] (great-grandchildren of Herod) | ||
*(e) Proto-Rabbinic Responses: The Centrality of the Torah and of the Mosaic Covenant against the | *(b) The [[Jewish War]] and the Destruction of the Temple. [[Masada]]. | ||
*(c) Workshop ([[Berenice]], [[Herod Agrippa II]], [[Josephus]]) | |||
*(d) Christian Responses: The Development of the Logos Christology and the Separation from Jerusalem (Matthew, Luke, Thomas, John, Revelation) | |||
*(e) Proto-Rabbinic Responses: The Centrality of the Torah and of the Mosaic Covenant against the Heresy of the “Two Powers in Heaven” (Pseudo-Philo, 2 Baruch, 4 Ezra) | |||
*(f) Workshop | *(f) Workshop | ||
====Friday, 31 August 2012==== | ====Friday, 31 August 2012==== | ||
The Parting of the Ways between Christianity and Rabbinic Judaism | The [[Parting of the Ways]] between Christianity and Rabbinic Judaism | ||
*(a) The Bar-Kokhba Revolt and Its Aftermath | *(a) The [[Bar-Kokhba Revolt]] and Its Aftermath | ||
*(b) The Theology of Supercession (Justin) | *(b) The Theology of Supercession (Justin) | ||
*(c) Workshop | *(c) Workshop ([[Bar-Kokhba]]) | ||
*(d) The Rise of Rabbinic Judaism (Neophiti, Mishnah, Aboth, Tosefta) | *(d) The Rise of Rabbinic Judaism (Neophiti, Mishnah, Aboth, Tosefta) | ||
*(e) Workshop | *(e) Workshop ([[Johanan ben Zakkai]], [[Akiva]], [[Judah ha-Nasi]]) | ||
*(f) Conclusion: Rabbinic Judaism and Christianity as Fraternal Twins | *(f) Conclusion: Rabbinic Judaism and Christianity as Fraternal Twins | ||
== Textbooks and Essential Bibliography == | == Textbooks and Essential Bibliography == | ||
Latest revision as of 05:24, 23 August 2012
History and Religion of Second Temple Judaism is a graduate course offered by Gabriele Boccaccini (University of Michigan) at the International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism in the Summer 2012.
Description
The seminar covers the history and religion of Second Temple Judaism, from the Babylonian exile (6th cent. BCE to the emergence of Rabbinic Judaism (3rd cent CE). It was an age of great conflicts, in which the Jews had to face powerful neighbors and rulers: The Egyptians and the Babylonians, the Persians, the Greeks, and the Romans. It was also an age of great creativeness, in which different varieties of Judaism (including the early Christin movement) developed sophisticated and lasting theologies and restlessly struggled for supremacy or survival.
The focus is on reading of primary sources in the original text (or English translation), within a methodological approach that frees the documents from the cages of their denominational corpora and restores their original links, as representatives of competing forms of Judaism.
Grading is based on daily reading assignment, participation to discussion, and a final research paper.
Schedule
- (a) 9:00am-10:00am / (b) 10:15am-11:15pm / (c) 11:30am-12:30pm
- (d) 1:30pm-2:30pm / (e) 2:45pm-3:45pm / (f) 4:00pm-5:00pm
Monday, 20 August 2012
Introduction to Second Temple Judaism
- (a) From Judaism to Judaisms: Survey of the History of Research, from Josephus to the present
- (b) Four Contemporary Approaches (Sanders, Schiffman, Cohen, Grabbe)
- (c) Ancient and modern sources for the study of Second Temple Judaism. The Enoch Seminar and 4 Enoch: The Online Encyclopedia of Second Temple Judaism and Christian Origins.
- (d) From Polytheism to Monotheism (Kings, Deutero-Isaiah): the reforms of Hezekiah and Josiah and the role of the prophets (Isaiah, Jeremiah...)
- (e) The Babylonian exile: Jehoiachin, Zedekiah, and Sheshbazzar.
- (f) Workshop (Josiah, Levi, Zadok, Jehoiachin, Zedekiah)
Tuesday, 21 August 2012
The Restoration (Persian Period)
- (a) The Rise of the House of Zadok (Ezekiel 40-48) and the End of the House of David
- (b) Sons of Levi, Sons of Aaron, Sons of Phinehas: The New Structure of the Jerusalem Priesthood
- (c) Workshop (Levi, Aaron, Phinehas, Zadok, Zerubbabel)
- (d) Nehemiah and Ezra: The Zadokites and Their Opponents (Prophets, Tobiads, the Samaritan Schism)
- (e) The Zadokite Worldview (Priestly Writing, Chronicles)
- (f) Workshop (Ezra, Nehemiah, Cyrus, Persian Kings)
Wednesday, 22 August 2012
- (a) The Priestly Opposition: Enochic Judaism (Book of the Watchers)
- (b) The Zadokite and Enochic Sabbatical Calendars (Book of Astronomy)
- (c) Workshop (Enoch, Noah, Michael, the Devil, Gabriel)
- (d) The Lay Opposition: Sapiential Judaism (Ahiqar, Proverbs, Job, Jonah)
- (e) The Early Ptolemaic Period and the Clash between Zadokite and Sapiential Judaism (Qohelet)
- (f) Workshop (Ahiqar, Job, Zenon, Solomon, Jonah)
Thursday, 23 August 2012
The Rapprochement between Zadokite and Sapiential Judaism
- (a) The Late Ptolemaic Period (Septuagint, Artapanus, Tobit)
- (b) The Early Seleucid Period: The Golden Age of Zadokite Priesthood (Sirach)
- (c) Workshop ([[[Zadokites]], Ptolomeis, Seleucids, Tobiads, Ben Sira)
The Maccabean Revolt
- (d) The End of the Zadokite Power: Hellenists and Anti-Hellenists
- (e) Maccabees, Enochians (Dream Visions) and Sadducees (Baruch)
- (f) Workshop (Jason, Menelaus, Judas Maccabeus, Alcimus, Antiochus IV)
Friday, 24 August 2012
In the Aftermath of the Revolt
- (a) A Third Way between Zadokite and Enochic Judaism (Daniel)
- (b) The Hasmoneans (1 Maccabees) and the Pharisaic Opposition (2 Maccabees)
- (c) Workshop (Daniel, Judith, Salome Alexandra, Hasmoneans)
- (d) The Hasmonean Period: History and religion
- (e) The Evidence of the Qumran Library. Developments and Hopes of the Enochic Movement (Jubilees, 1QT)
- (f) Workshop (Teacher of Righteouness, Essenes according to Philo, Josephus and other sources)
Monday, 27 August 2012
The
- (a) From Enochians to Essenes (Proto-epistle, 4QMMT) to Qumranites (Damascus Document)
- (b) The Sectarian Worldview (Community Rule, War Scroll)
- (c) Workshop (
The Herodian Period
- (d) Herodians and Hasmoneans
- (e) Enoch vs. Qumran (Epistle of Enoch, Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs)
- (f) Workshop (Herod the Great, Herodians, Hasmoneans)
Tuesday, 28 May 2012
Hellenistic Judaism
- (a) The Early Period (Aristobulus and Aristeas)
- (b) Judaism as the Religion of the World (Philo of Alexandria)
The Rise of Messianism
- (c) The Sadducean Messiahs and the Pharisaic Son of David (Psalms of Solomon)
- (d) The Qumran Messiahs and the Enochic Son of Man (Parables of Enoch)
Wednesday, 29 August 2012
Christian Origins
- (a) The Roman period: the first Roman Governors of Judea and the generation of the children and grandchildren of Herod
- (b) John the Baptist (Life of Adam and Eve)
- (c) Workshop John the Baptist, Herod Antipas, Herodias & Salome, Herod Archelaus & Herod Philip, Pilate)
- (d) The Life and Teaching of Jesus the Essene (Mark)
- (e) Christianity as an Early Jewish Movement (James and Paul)
- (f) Workshop (Herod Agrippa I, James, Paul, Peter & John, later Roman Governors of Judea)
Thursday, 30 August 2012
The Destruction of the Temple
- (a) Roman Governors of Judea and the last Herodians (great-grandchildren of Herod)
- (b) The Jewish War and the Destruction of the Temple. Masada.
- (c) Workshop (Berenice, Herod Agrippa II, Josephus)
- (d) Christian Responses: The Development of the Logos Christology and the Separation from Jerusalem (Matthew, Luke, Thomas, John, Revelation)
- (e) Proto-Rabbinic Responses: The Centrality of the Torah and of the Mosaic Covenant against the Heresy of the “Two Powers in Heaven” (Pseudo-Philo, 2 Baruch, 4 Ezra)
- (f) Workshop
Friday, 31 August 2012
The Parting of the Ways between Christianity and Rabbinic Judaism
- (a) The Bar-Kokhba Revolt and Its Aftermath
- (b) The Theology of Supercession (Justin)
- (c) Workshop (Bar-Kokhba)
- (d) The Rise of Rabbinic Judaism (Neophiti, Mishnah, Aboth, Tosefta)
- (e) Workshop (Johanan ben Zakkai, Akiva, Judah ha-Nasi)
- (f) Conclusion: Rabbinic Judaism and Christianity as Fraternal Twins
Textbooks and Essential Bibliography
Source-texts:
The New Revised Standard Version Bible with the Apocrypha (New York: Oxford University Press, Press, 1989) F. Garcia Martinez, and E.J.C Tigchelaar (eds.), The Dead Sea Scrolls: Study Edition, 2 vols. (Leiden: Brill, 1997). J.H. Charlesworth (ed.), The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha (New York: Doubleday, 1983-85) L.H. Schiffman, Texts and Traditions: A Source Reader for the Studyof Second Temple and Rabbinic Judaism (Hoboken: Ktav, 1998)
Textbooks:
G. Boccaccini, Roots of Rabbinic Judaism: An Intellectual History, from Ezekiel to Daniel (Eerdmans: Gran Rapids, 2002) G. Boccaccini, Beyond the Essene Hypothesis: The Parting of the Ways between Qumran and Enochic Judaism (Eerdmans: Grand Rapids, 1998) L.L. Grabbe, An Introduction to Second Temple Judaism: Jewish Religion and History in the Second Temple Period (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1996).
Additional Readings:
- G. Boccaccini, Middle Judaism, Jewish Thought, 300 BCE to 200 CE (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1991)
- G. Boccaccini, Portraits of Middle Judaism in Scholarship and Arts (Turin: Zamorani, 1992)
- J.J. Collins, The Apocalyptic Imagination: An Introduction to Jewish Apocalyptic Literature (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1998)
- S.J.D. Cohen, From the Maccabees to the Mishnah (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1987)
- S.J.D. Cohen, The Beginnings of Jewishness: Boundaries, Varieties, Uncertainties (Berkeley: University of California, 1999)
- L.L. Grabbe, Judaism from Cyrus to Hadrian, 2 vols. (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1992)
- L.L. Grabbe, Judaic Religion in the Second Temple Period (London: Routledge, 2000)
- M. S. Jaffee, Early Judaism (Upper Saddle River: Prentice-Hall, 1997)
- J. Neusner, The Four Stages of Rabbinic Judaism (London: Routledge, 1999)
- P. Sacchi, The History of the Second Temple Period (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic, 2000)
- E.P. Sanders, Judaism: Practice and Belief, 63 BCE – 66 CE (Philadelphia: Trinity, 1992)
- L.H. Schiffman, From Text and Traditions: A History of Second Temple and Rabbinic Judaism (Hoboken, Ktav, 1991)