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Welcome to 4 Enoch: The Online Encyclopedia of Second Temple Judaism, and Christian and Islamic Origins Scholarship and Fiction, from the 15th century to the present A project by Gabriele Boccaccini (University of Michigan). Founding Editor: Gabriele Boccaccini (University of Michigan); Associate Editor: Carlos A. Segovia (Saint Louis University, Madrid). With the contribution of the Michigan Center for Early Christian Studies and the Alessandro Nangeroni International Endowment. See also: Enoch Seminar Online and Facebook. @2009-2015. <Work in progress>

Second Temple Studies Enochic Studies Apocalyptic Studies Qumran Studies OT Apocrypha Studies Wisdom Studies OT Pseudepigrapha Studies Hellenistic-Jewish Studies Philo Studies Josephus Studies Early Samaritan Studies Early Jewish Studies Early Islamic Studies 4 Enoch Dictionary Events Places Artifacts

Women Authorship Jewish Authorship Historical Jesus Studies Pauline Studies Johannine Studies Petrine Studies Gospels Studies Christian Origins Studies New Testament Studies Early Christian Studies Hebrew Bible Studies Languages Translations Texts People Topics

News Just published by Fortress (2016): "Paul was not an apostle of intolerance who preached only one path to salvation, and was not only the apostle of Gentiles who showed two distinctive paths to salvation: the Torah for the Jews and Christ for Gentiles. Paul the Jew was the apostle of God's Mercy, announcing three paths to salvation: righteous Jews have the Torah, righteous Gentiles have their own conscience, and sinners (Jews and Gentiles alike) have Christ the Forgiver." (Gabriele Boccaccini) Enoch Seminar is now up and running on Twitter. Please follow the Enoch Seminar and encourage your followers to do the same. Our handle is: @Enoch_Seminar Distinguished professors Helmut Koester and James M. Robinson passed away in 2016. Timeline Fiction Literature Cinema Music Art Biography Scholars Scholars Authors Artists Expertise Generations In memoriam

Introduction

4 Enoch: The Online Encyclopedia of Second Temple Judaism and Christian Origins is an academic project of the Enoch Seminar, created in 2009 by Gabriele Boccaccini (University of Michigan, USA), in collaboration with the late Hanan Eshel (Bar-Ilan University, Israel), Loren T. Stuckenbruck (Princeton Theological Seminary, USA), and Carlos A. Segovia (Camilo José Cela University, Spain). The current Board of Directors of the Enoch Seminar includes: Gabriele Boccaccini (chair), Kelley Coblentz Bautch, Esther Eshel, Matthias Henze, Pierluigi Piovanelli, Carlos A. Segovia, and Loren T. Stuckenbruck. See the Enoch Seminar Website

Born as a bibliography in the early 1990s and developed as a database in the 2000s, 4 Enoch has been made freely accessible online in wiki-format since August 2009. It now includes more than 1,000 encyclopedic entries, 8,000 abstracts of scholarly and fictional works, 3,000 biographies of scholars and authors, from the 15th century to the present...

4 Enoch offers a comprehensive and authoritative introduction to Scholarship and Fiction in Second Temple Judaism (including Samaritan and New Testament Studies), i.e. the period from Ezekiel to the completion of the New Testament and the Mishnah. It also deals with the roots of Second Temple traditions in the Ancient Israelite Religion, as well as the influence and legacy of those traditions for Christian, Jewish and Islamic Origins, up to the time of the completion of the Qur'an. 4 Enoch includes scholarly and fictional works authored from the mid-15th century to the present, all around the world, with biographies of Scholars and Authors and a Dictionary of People, Places, Topics, etc. of Second Temple Judaism & Christian Origins.

With more than 20,000 pages, "4 Enoch" provides a comprehensive WHO's WHO of the period, as well as BIOGRAPHIES of Scholars and Authors, and ABSTRACTS of scholarly and fictional Works, authored from the mid-15th century to the present, all around the world. Still a work in progress, the Encyclopedia, created in 2009 by Gabriele Boccaccini of the University of Michigan with the collaboration of Carlos A. Segovia of the Camilo Jose Cela University Madrid, is the collective work of international specialists in the field associated with the Enoch Seminar [1]

• Are you a scholar or graduate student, and would you like to contribute to the Encyclopedia? Please, contact Editor-in-Chief Professor Gabriele Boccaccini <gbocca@umich.edu>, or Associate Editor Professor Carlos A. Segovia <segoviamail@gmail.com>, and join the team of international specialists working in this project.

• Visit ENOCH SEMINAR Online to see the many activities of the Enoch Seminar.

• 4 Enoch is a work in progress (changes are made of a daily basis). Some entries are fully developed, others exist only in a draft form. Everytime you visit the site, you will see that new features have been added.

• It is the editors' understanding in good faith that each and all uploaded images are either of public domain or are here reproduced exclusively for non-commercial, educational purposes. If by mistake any rights were violated, the image will be immediately removed.

• Note: 4 Enoch is a work in progress. In the first phase (Aug 2009 - Jul 2010) thousands of entries (abstracts of works of scholarship and fiction, biographies of scholars and authors, etc.) were included.

The keywords associated with each bibliographical and biographical entry have generated numerous "Subject entries" or "Categories" (now existing mostly in a draft form), which in the second phase of the project (Aug 2010 - Aug 2014) are now in the process of being assigned to specialists and developed as original contributions to the study of Second Temple Judaism and Christian Origins

Editorial Board

• Gabriele Boccaccini, University of Michigan (USA) – Editor-in-chief
  • Carlos A. Segovia, Camilo Jose Cela University (Madrid, Spain, EU) – Associate Editor and Chair of the Editorial Board
    • Samuele Rocca (Israel)
    • Géza G. Xeravits, Selye J. University (Komarno, Slovakia, EU)
      • Rodney Caruthers, University of Michigan (USA)
      • Deborah Forger, University of Michigan (USA)

Thematic Board

• Samuele Rocca (Israel) – Associate Editor and Chair of the Board
• Shayna Sheinfeld, Centre College (Danville, Kentucky, USA) – Associate Editor and Co-Chair of the Board
  • Gabriele Boccaccini, University of Michigan (USA) – in charge for Second Temple Studies
  • Leonard V. Rutgers, University of Utrecht (Netherlands, EU) – in charge for Hellenistic-Jewish Studies
  • Jan Willem van Henten, University of Amsterdam (Netherlands, EU) – in charge for Josephus Studies
  • Carlos A. Segovia, Camilo José Cela University (Madrid, Spain, EU) – in charge for Early Islamic Studies
  • Emilio González Ferrín, University of Seville (Spain, EU) – in charge for Early Islamic Studies
    • Jack Pastor, Oranim Academic College (Israel) / Second Temple Studies

Language Board

• Géza G. Xeravits, Selye J. University (Komarno, Slovakia, EU) – Associate Editor and Chair of the Board
  • Daniel Assefa, Capuchin Franciscan Institute of Philosophy and Theology (Addis Abeba, Ethiopia) – in charge for Ethiopic Scholarship
  • Florentina Badalanova-Geller, Freie-Universität Berlin (Germany, EU) – in charge for Bulgarian Scholarship and Serbo-Croatian Scholarship
  • Emmanouela Grypeou, University of Oxford (England, UK, EU) – in charge for Greek Scholarship
  • Paul Kim, Methodist Theological School (Ohio, USA) – in charge for Korean Scholarship
  • Ludmila Navtanovich (St Petersburg, Russia) – in charge for Russian Scholarship
  • Rivka Nir, Open University of Israel (Israel) – in charge for Israeli Scholarship
  • Mika Pajunen, University of Helsinki (Finland, EU) – in charge for Finnish Scholarship
  • Stephane Saulnier, Newman University (Wichita, Kansas, USA) – in charge for French Scholarship
  • Carlos A. Segovia, Camilo Jose Cela University (Madrid, Spain, EU) – in charge for Spanish Scholarship
  • Carla Sulzbach, McGill University (Montreal, Canada) – in charge for Dutch Scholarship
  • Alexander Toepel, University of Tübingen (Germany, EU) – in charge for German Scholarship
  • Cecilia Wassen, University of Uppsala (Sweden, EU) – in charge for Swedish Scholarship
  • Géza G. Xeravits, Selye J. University (Komarno, Slovakia, EU) – in charge for Hungarian Scholarship