Difference between revisions of "Category:Spanish Scholarship"

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* This page was created and is edited by [[Carlos A. Segovia]], University of Seville, Spain  
*[[:Category:Scholarship|BACK to the SCHOLARSHIP--INDEX]]
*[[:Category:Spain|BACK to the SPAIN--INDEX]]




The category: '''Spanish Scholarship''', includes (in chronological order) works by [[Spanish Scholars]], in the field of Second Temple Judaism and Christian Origins.  
'''Spanish Scholarship''' includes works authored, edited or translated by [[Spanish Scholars]].
 
*  [[Spanish Scholars]] - biographies of Spanish Scholars
 
See also: [[Spain]] -- [[Spanish]] -/- [[Spanish language]] -/- [[Spanish Fiction]] -- [[Spanish Authors]]
 
* This page is edited by [[Carlos A. Segovia]], Camilo José Cela University, Spain
 


==Overview==
==Overview==


==Spanish Scholarship in the 16th century==
Spanish scholarship on [[Second Temple Judaism]], Christian, Rabbinic, and Islamic origins includes contributions such as [[Alejandro Díez Macho]]'s ''editio princeps'' of [[Targum Neophyti 1]] and [[Florentino García Martínez]]'s translations of, and studies on, the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]].
 
====The beginnings: from the mid-15th to the mid-20th century====
 
In 1478, [[Daniel Vives]] published a Catalan translation of the Bible which stands as the third known printed translation of the Bible in a modern language, after the German edition by [[Johannes Mentelin]] in 1466, and the Italian edition by [[Niccolò Malermi]] in 1471. It was also based upon the Latin text of the Vulgata. There followed [[Juan Martín Cordero]]’s Spanish translation of [[Josephus]]’ [[Jewish War]], which was published in the 1550s; [[Benito Arias Montano]]’s (perhaps the first relevant Spanish Hebraist) ''Antewerp Polyglot'' or ''Biblia regia'', which was in turn published between 1568 and 1573 and the first to include, alongside the Hebrew, Greek, and Latin versions of the Bible, the Syriac New Testament and several additional Targumic texts; Arias Montano’s Spanish translation of [[Josephus]]’ [[Antiquities of the Jews]], which was published in the 1570s; an edition of Paul’s epistles with commentary by [[Francisco de Ribera]] and [[José de Acosta]] published in the 1590s; and [[Joseph Semah Arias]]’s translation of [[Josephus]]’ [[Contra Apionem]] in the 1680s. Yet no significant volumes were produced between the late 17th and the mid-20th century.


Similarly to what happened in other countries, the translation of Josephus' Bellum Iudaicum in Spanish by [[Juan Martín Cordero]] marks the official beginning of Spanish Scholarship on the period.
====Looking back at the 20th century: chief developments and achievements from the 1950s to the 1990s====


==Spanish Scholarship in the 17th century==
Spanish research on [[Second Temple Judaism]] and [[Christian Origins]] was virtually inexistent, and hence absent from the international scholarly scene, until the 1950s. Nor had there been prior to that time a sustained editorial policy regarding the Spanish edition of studies originally published in other European languages. [[Antonio González Lamadrid]]’s 1956 volume on the Dead Sea discoveries and the Spanish edition in the late 1940s of the second volume of [[Giuseppe Ricciotti]]’s ''Storia d’Israele'' (which was curiously made possible through the efforts of [[Xavier Zubiri]], a very influent Spanish philosopher who had studied in his youth with Husserl and Heidegger) must be by and large considered, therefore, as the point of departure of this particular field of study in contemporary Spain.


The translation in Spanish of Josephus' ''Contra Apionem'' by [[Joseph Semah Arias]] is the most remarkable achievement of Spanish scholarship in the 17th century.
Spanish scholarship has since mainly focused upon five general topics: (''a'') the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]], (''b'') the [[Old Testament Pseudepigrapha]], (''c'') the Greek versions of the Bible (including the [[Septuagint]]), (''d'') the [[Targum]], and (''e'') [[Christian Origins]].  


==Spanish Scholarship in the 18th century==
[[Qumran]] and the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] were broadly explored, especially in the 1990s. One should mention here, amidst other works, [[Jesús Cantera Ortiz de Urbina]]’s Spanish translation of the [[Habakuk Pesher]] from [[Qumran]]; the studies on the Greek papyri from [[Qumran]] [[Cave 7]] by [[José O’Callaghan Martínez]], whose suggestions concerning the possible presence of some [[New Testament]] fragments amongst the [[Qumran]] scrolls have been widely disputed on both philological and statistic grounds; [[Luis Vegas Montaner]]’s critical edition of the Minor Prophets according to the [[Qumran]] textual witnesses; [[José María Casciaro Rodríguez]]’s comparative essays on the [[Qumran]] literature and the [[New Testament]]; [[Santiago Ausín Olmos]]’ studies on the ethical language of the sectarian writings from the [[Qumran]] community; the proceedings of the [[Madrid Qumran Congress]], which was organised in 1991 by [[Luis Vegas Montaner]] and [[Julio Trebolle Barrera]]; [[Jaime Vázquez Allegue]]’s studies on the [[Rule of the Community]]. Yet the foremost contribution to the study of the [[Qumran]] [[Yahad]] and its literature was made by [[Florentino García Martínez]], who, as [[Gabriele Boccaccini]] rightly observes, has helped contemporary research on late Second Temple sectarianism to move “out of Josephus precious yet so cumbersome testimony”, and whose well-known hypothesis on the intra-[[Essene]] schismatic origins of the [[Qumran]] [[Yahad]], first made public in English in 1988, was already suggested by him in a Spanish as early as 1985.


18th-century Spanish scholarship produced historical chronologies by [[Josef Rigüál]] (1779), and [[Juan López Peñalver]] (1793).  
In the early 1980s, [[Alejandro Díez Macho]] began to prepare a collective Spanish translation of the [[Old Testament Pseudepigrapha]] of which six out of the seven planed volumes have been already published. Díez Macho was deeply influenced by the work of [[Paolo Sacchi]], on whose views he often relied. This notwithstanding, his general introduction to the Spanish edition of the [[Old Testament Pseudepigrapha]] (vol. 1) deserves being mentioned as perhaps the most insightful Spanish contribution to their modern study ever published. He worked in close collaboration with [[María Ángeles Navarro]], [[Alfonso de la Fuente]], [[Miguel Pérez Fernández]], and [[Antonio Piñero Sáenz]], who codirected the first four volumes of the collection and has been responsible of the edition of its two last published volumes.


==Spanish Scholarship in the 19th century==
A few studies on the [[Septuagint]] and the Greek versions of the Bible were also published in the 1970s and the 1990s, both in Spanish and English, by [[Natalio Fernández Marcos]] and [[Ángel Sáenz-Badillos Pérez]].


==Spanish Scholarship in the 1910s==
As for the [[Targum]], mention must be made of [[Alejandro Díez Macho]]'s editio princeps and Spanish translation of [[Targum Neophyti 1]], whose sole extant manuscript he had discovered in 1956 at the Vatican Library. This very remarkable contribution to the study of the Jewish literature from the 1st century CE appeared in 6 vols. between 1968 and 1979, with appended French and English translations by [[Roger le Déaut]], [[Martin McNamara]] and [[Michael Maher]], complementary studies by [[Emiliano Martínez Borobio]], [[Pedro Esterlich]] and [[Miguel Pérez Fernández]], and a comprehensive Index by [[Etan Levine]]. Additional studies on, and translations of, various other [[targumim]] were produced in the 1970s, the 1980s and the 1990s by [[Emiliano Martínez Borobio]], [[Domingo Muñoz León]], [[Miguel Pérez Fernández]], and [[Josep Ribera Florit]]. These scholars worked initially under the guidance of Diez Macho, who is credited to have laid the foundation of the Spanish school of Targumic studies and whose work ought to be regarded, together with [[Florentino García Martínez]]’s, as the most outstanding Spanish contribution to the study of the Second Temple period and its literature.


The only Spanish book published in the 1910s was Julio Domingo Bazán’s liberal defense of the Hebrews. Like Joseph Semah Arias, who in 1687 had published a Spanish translation of Josephus’ Jewish War, Bazán was a military man who only very indirectly addressed in his book several topics inherent to the history of the Second Temple period. -- Carlos A. Segovia, University of Seville.
====Perspectives at the opening of the 21st century====


==Spanish Scholarship in the 1940s==
==Spanish Scholarship over the centuries==


Between 1945 and 1947, [[Giuseppe Ricciotti]]’s ''Storia d’Israele'' was twice translated into Spanish; one of these translations was made by the Spanish philosopher [[Xavier Zubiri]]. Ricciotti’s volume was also the first relevant scholarly study on the history of Israel published in Spanish language. Inasmuch as vol. 2 of Ricciotti’s work (which was simultaneously published in Buenos Aires and Barcelona in 1947) covered the Second Temple period (together with the late 1st century CE and the first third of the 2nd century CE), it was too the first book on [[Second Temple Judaism]] published in the Spanish-speaking world. No other books related to this particular field of study appeared during the period.
*[[Spanish Scholarship (15th century)]]


==Spanish Scholarship in the 1950s==
*[[Spanish Scholarship (16th century)]]


Only three books were published in Spanish language in the 1950s, one of them dealing with [[Qumran]] and the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] and the other two with the apocalyptic views on human history and the time of Jesus, respectively. ''Los descubrimientos de Qumran'', by [[Antonio González Lamadrid]], offered an extensive introduction to the recent discoveries in the Judaean Desert, whereas [[Gerardo Leisersohn Baendel]] explored in a short study the structure and meaning of human history in apocalyptic literature and the virtual contribution of the latter to the philosophy of history. González Lamadrid’s volume (a revised edition of which saw the light in 1971) was published in Spain in 1956 and must be regarded as the first contemporary scholarly work on Second Temple Judaism in Spanish language; in turn, Leisersohn Baendel’s essay appeared in Chile in 1959. In 1959, [[Charles Guignebert]]’s 1935 volume on the Jewish world in the time of Jesus was also translated into Spanish and published in Mexico.
*[[Spanish Scholarship (17th century)]]


The books by González Lamadrid and Guignebert ought to be considered nowadays as symptomatic of the later development of the discipline in the Spanish speaking countries. First, these two volumes are representative of the two main topics of study addressed in the Spanish-speaking world between the early 1960s and the late 2000s. Secondly, they prefigure the dual tendency which is characteristic of such period: most books originally published in Spanish language deal with [[Qumran]] and the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]], whilst the majority of books translated from other European languages into Spanish deal with the study of the historical Jesus, the Jesus movement and early [[Christianity]]. Finally, an alternative emphasis upon one of these two general topics ([[Qumran]] and the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] in the 1980s and 1990s, Jesus and the rise of [[Christianity]] in the 2000s) is also illustrative of the thematic evolution during the period. In spite of temporary oscillations as to the specific subjects discussed in each decade, this implicit, threefold principle has prevailed throughout the whole period and describes quite accurately its basic inner drive, though not its many nuances and additional developments, of course.
*[[Spanish Scholarship (18th century)]]


As to the Spanish edition of scholarly volumes originally published in other languages, the translation of two essays on Paul and his letters by [[Amédée Brunot]] ought to be mentioned.
*[[Spanish Scholarship (19th century)]]


==Spanish Scholarship in the 1960s==
*[[Spanish Scholarship (1910s)]]


[[Qumran]] and the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] on the one hand, and the [[Targum]] on the other, became the main focuses of interest in Spanish scholarship in the 1960s.
*[[Spanish Scholarship (1920s)]]


In 1960 [[Jesús Cantera Ortiz de Urbina]] published a Spanish translation of the [[Habakuk Pesher]] from [[Qumran]] with a brief critical study of its text. And in 1968 [[Alejandro Díez Macho]] began to edit and translate, together with [[Roger le Déaut]], [[Martin McNamara]] and [[Michael Maher]], the sole extant manuscript of [[Targum Neophyti I]], which he had discovered in 1956 in the Vatican Library; this very remarkable edition appeared in 6 vols. between 1968 and 1979, and should be regarded, together with [[Florentino García Martínez]]’s works on the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] and the history of the [[Qumran]] community, as the most outstanding contribution of Spanish scholarship to the study of the Second Temple period.
*[[Spanish Scholarship (1930s)]]


Two books on [[Philo of Alexandria]] by [[Rafael Díaz de León]] and [[Shalom Rosenberg]] and a study on Paul's theology by [[José María González Ruiz]] were also published in the 1960s. As to the the Spanish editions of foreing volumes, the translations of [[Rudolf Schnackenburg]]'s 1954 ''Die sittliche Botschaft des Neuen Testaments'', [[Jean Daniélou]]'s 1958 essay on Philo, [[Ernest-Marie Laperrousaz]]'s 1961 introductory study to the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]], [[Rudolf Bultmann]]'s ''Jesus'', [[François Amiot]]'s, [[Amédée Brunot]]'s, [[Léon Cristiani]]'s, [[Henri Daniel-Rops]]' and [[Jean Daniélou]]'s 1962 essay on the sources of Jesus' biography, [[Oscar Cullmann]]'s ''Der Staat im Neue Testament'', [[Rudolf Schnackenburg]]'s ''Gottesherrschaft und Reich'' and several volumes by [[Lucien Cerfaux]] and [[John A. T. Robinson]] on Paul, were published in this period.
*[[Spanish Scholarship (1940s)]]


==Spanish Scholarship in the 1970s==
*[[Spanish Scholarship (1950s)]]


In addition to the subjects prevalent in the 1960s, i.e., [[Qumran]] (on which [[Antonio González Lamadrid]], [[José O'Callaghan Martínez]] and [[Manuel Jiménez F. Bonhomme]] wrote in 1971, 1974 and 1976, respectively) and the [[Targum]] ([[Alejandro Díez Macho]] continued publishing his edition of [[Targum Neophyti I]] between 1970 and 1979 and wrote an introduction to the targumic literature in 1972, and [[Domingo Muñoz León]] wrote in 1974 and 1977 two complementary studies on the Targumim to the Pentateuch), two new topics diversely related to the history of the Second Temple period attracted the attention of Spanish scholarship and editorship in the 1970s, namely the Greek Bible (to which [[Natalio Fernández Marcos]] devoted two important studies in 1972, with [[Ángel Sáenz-Badillos Pérez]], and 1979) and apocalyptic literature (on which a collection of essays by [[Mathias Delcor]] was published in 1977). These two subjects were to grow in importance over the next decades with new studies by Fernández Marcos and [[María Victoria Spottorno Díaz-Caro]] amid other scholars in the 1980s and the 2000s, and the publication of an extensive collection of Old Testament Pseudepigrapha in Spanish version edited by [[Alejandro Díez Macho]] and [[Antonio Piñero Sáenz]] between 1984 and 2009, respectively.
*[[Spanish Scholarship (1960s)]]


A separate comment must be made regarding O'Callaghan's 1974 essay on the Greek papyri from [[Qumran Cave 7]], where he tentatively identified several extant fragments with various verses of the Gospels (especially 7Q5 with Mark 6:52-53). O'Callaghan had advanced this groundbreaking hypothesis in an article published in 1972 ("[[¿Papiros neotestamentarios en la cueva 7 de Qumrán]]",[[Biblica]] 53 [1972] 91-100; translated by L. W. Holladay as "[[New Testament Papyri in Qumran Cave 7?]]," [[Journal of Biblical Literature]] 91/2 [1972] 1-14), yet his insights on this subject have been widely disputed by most scholars on both philological and statistic grounds (see, e.g., [[Die älteste Evangelien-handschrift?: Der Fund des Markus- Fragments von Qumran un die Anfange der schriftlichen Uberlieferung des Neuen Testaments (1986 Thiede), book]]; [[Christen und Christliches in Qumran? (1992 Mayer), edited volume]]). He has largely contributed, nonetheless, to the comparative study of the literature from [[Qumran]] and the [[New Testament]] both in the Spanish-speaking world and beyond.
*[[Spanish Scholarship (1970s)]]


[[José María Triviño]]’s 1975-1976 Spanish edition of [[Philo]]’s works must also be alluded to at this point. Although [[José Pablo Martín]] is now working on a new edition of [[Philo]], of which vol. 1 was published in 2009, Triviño’s five-volume edition still stands as a reference work in Spanish language.
*[[Spanish Scholarship (1980s)]]


To end with mention must be made of [[Enric Cortès]]’ 1976 study on the “departing discourses” in the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament and their narrative framework, [[Xabier Pikaza]]'s 1976 essay on the historical Jesus, [[Santos Sabugal]]'s 1976 studies on Paul's conversion, and [[Marcelino Legido López]]'s 1978 volume on Pauline ecclesiology.
*[[Spanish Scholarship (1990s)]]


As to the Spanish edition of foreign works, the following volumes on ancient and Second Temple Judaism were translated into Spanish: [[David S. Russell]]'s ''Between the Testaments'' (1973), [[George Ernest Wright]]’s ''Biblical Archaeology'' (1975), [[Sigmund Mowinckel]]’s ''Han som kommer'' (1975), [[André Paul]]'s ''Intertestament'' (1978), and [[Frederick Fyvie Bruce]]'s ''Israel and the Nations: From the Exodus to the Fall of the Second Temple'' (1979). In addition, the Spanish editions of several books on the historical Jesus, the New Testament, and early Christianity by [[Josef Blank]], [[Günter Bornkamm]], [[Raymond E. Brown]], [[Rudolf Karl Bultmann]], [[Oscar Cullmann]], [[Charles Harol Dodd]], [[Xavier Léon-Dufour]], [[David Flusser]], [[Martin Hengel]], [[Joachim Jeremias]], [[Ernst Käsemann]], [[Heinrich Schlier]], [[Gerd Theissen]] and [[Étienne Trocmé]] were also published in this period.
*[[Spanish Scholarship (2000s)]]


==Spanish Scholarship in the 1980s==
*[[Spanish Scholarship (2010s)]]
In the 1980s Spanish scholarship on [[Second Temple Judaism]] increased considerably if compared to the earlier decades. Twenty-seven new volumes were published, including editions of books written in other European languages; and an unprecedented assortment of themes were explored in them.


[[Qumran]] and the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] deserved a good deal of attention through the entire decade, though not as much as in the 1990s. Books by [[Luis Vegas Montaner]] on the [[Qumran]] Biblical scrolls and [[José María Casciaro Rodríguez (1924-2004), scholar|José María Casciaro Rodríguez]] on the Qumranic literature and the [[New Testament]] were published in 1980 and 1982, respectively. In 1982 [[Mathias Delcor]]’s and [[Florentino García Martínez]]’s introduction to the [[Essene]] literature from [[Qumran]] was also published. And in 1985 a new, updated edition of [[Antonio González Lamadrid]]'s ''Los manuscritos del mar Muerto'' (first published in 1971) saw the light too. In addition, in 1987 and 1989, respectively, [[Geza Vermès]]’s ''The Dead Sea Scrolls: Qumran in Perspective'' and [[Carsten Peter Thiede]]’s 1986 study on the hypothetical Markan fragments from Qumran Cave 7 identified by [[José O'Callaghan Martínez]] in 1972 were published as well.
==General Statistics==


Spanish scholarly production on the [[Targum]] was quite relevant too in the 1980s, with studies and translations by [[Miguel Pérez Fernández]] (1981), [[Domingo Muñoz León]] (1986, 1987), [[Josep Ribera Florit]] (1987, 1988), and [[Emiliano Martínez Borobio]] (1987, 1989). In his 1987 critically acclaimed book, Muñoz León (who had already written on Targumic literature in the late 1970s) also addressed several issues related to the interpretation of the Scriptures in the [[New Testament]].
*See [[Spanish Scholarship (stats)]]


In the 1980s [[Natalio Fernández Marcos]] continued working on the Greek versions of the Bible and published in 1985 an edited volume on the Septuagint. In 1987, [[María Victoria Spottorno Díaz-Caro]] and [[José Ramón Busto Sáiz (1950-), scholar|José Ramón Busto Sáiz]] translated into Spanish [[Josephus]]' ''[[Autobiography]]'' and ''[[Contra Apionem]]''. A year later, [[Josep Montserrat Torrents (1932-), scholar|Josep Montserrat Torrents]] translated into Catalan [[Philo]]'s ''[[De Opificio Mundi]]'', whilst the influence of [[Philo]] in the Western culture was the subject of an essay by [[José Pablo Martín]] published in Buenos Aires in 1986. [[Jean Cazeaux]]’s 1983 study on Philo’s philosophy of language and mysticism was in turn translated into Spanish and published in 1984.
==Leading Spanish institutions of higher education, centres for scholarly research, scholarly projects, learned societies, publishers, academic journals, and libriries in the field==


The time of Jesus, the historical Jesus, the Jewish roots of [[Christianity]], the theology of Paul, and the parting of the ways between Judaism and [[Christianity]] were thoroughly explored in the 1980s by [[Rafael Aguirre Monasterio (1941-), scholar|Rafael Aguirre Monasterio]], [[Juan Huarte Osacar]], [[José Ignacio González Faus]], [[Hernando Guevara]], [[Marcelino Legido López]], [[Jesús Emilio Menéndez Menéndez]], [[Emilio Mitre Fernández]], [[Josep Montserrat Torrents (1932-), scholar|Josep Montserrat Torrents]], [[José Antonio Pagola (1937-), scholar|José Antonio Pagola]], [[Xabier Pikaza]], and [[Senén Vidal García]]. And many books dealing with these and other related subjects (including the New Testament corpus) by [[Joseph Auneau]], [[Giuseppe Barbaglio]], [[Gerhard Barth]], [[Günter Bornkamm]], [[Raymond E. Brown]], [[Amédée Brunot]], [[Lothar Coenen]], [[Martin Dibelius]], [[John Drane]], [[Rinaldo Fabris]], [[Joseph A. Fitzmyer]], [[Joachim Gnilka]], [[Martin Hengel]], [[Joachim Jeremias]], [[Joseph Klausner]], [[Helmut Köster]], [[Xavier Léon-Dufour]], [[Gerhard Lohfink]], [[Wayne A. Meeks]], [[Charles Perrot]], [[Rudolf Schnackenburg]], [[Wolfgang Schrage]], [[Emil Schürer]], [[Heinz Schürmann]], [[Eduard Schweizer]], [[Gerd Theissen]], [[Albert Vanhoye]], and [[Ulrich Wilckens]], were also translated into Spanish.
====Institutions of higher education====


Moreover, [[Hugues Cousin]]'s ''Vies d'Adam et Eve, des patriarches et des prophètes'', [[François Castel]]’s 1983 general history of Israel and Judah, [[Henry Cazelles]]’ 1982 historical overview of the early Second Temple period, [[Christiane Saulnier]]'s 1982 monograph on the Maccabean crisis, and [[Claude Tassin]]’s 1986 history of Second Temple Judaism were also translated into Spanish and published between 1981 and 1988.
*[http://www.ucm.es/info/hebrea/ Departamento de Estudios Hebreos y Arameos], Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
*[http://www.ugr.es/~estsemi/ Departamento de Estudios Semíticos], Universidad de Granada (UGR)
*[http://www.ub.edu/web/ub/es/universitat/coneix_la_ub/departaments/f/depfilologiasemitica.html Departamento de Filología Semítica], Universitat de Barcelona (UB)
*[http://www.fsandamaso.es/ Facultad de Literatura Cristiana y Clásica San Justino], Universidad Eclesiástica San Dámaso, Madrid
*[http://www.teologia.deusto.es/servlet/Satellite/Page/1119875595582/_cast/%231119875595582/UniversidadDeusto/Page/facultadesTPL Facultad de Teología], Universidad de Deusto, Bilbao
*[http://www.teol-granada.com/web/teologia/inicio Facultad de Teología], Universidad de Granada
*[http://www.unav.es/facultad/teologia/ Facultad de Teología], Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona
*[http://www.upcomillas.es/centros/cent_teol.aspx Facultad de Teología], Universidad Pontificia de Comillas
*[http://www.upsa.es/facultades/facultadesycentros/fteologia/ficha.php Facultad de Teología], Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca
*[http://www.teologiavalencia.es/ Facultad de Teología de Valencia San Vicente Ferrer]
*[http://www.teologiaburgos.org/ Facultad de Teología del Norte de España. Burgos]
*[http://www.teologia-catalunya.cat/n/index.php Facultad de Teologia de Catalunya]
*[http://www.ucm.es/info/iucr/pages/webs/comienzo.htm Instituto Universitario de Ciencias de las Religiones], Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
*[http://www.centroseut.org/ Seminario Evangélico Unido de Teología], El Escorial, Madrid


Yet perhaps the most relevant events were, on the one hand, [[Carlos de Valle Rodríguez]]'s Spanish edition of the [[Mishnah]], and, on the other hand, [[Alejandro Díez Macho]]’s and [[Antonio Piñero Sáenz]]’s edition of the [[Old Testament Pseudepigrapha]] in Spanish version, of which vols. 1-4 appeared in 1984 and vol. 5 in 1987; vol. 6 was published in 2009, and a 7th vol. is forthcoming. Contributors were recruited by the editors among Spanish scholars on Biblical and Targumic literature and Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek, Coptic and Arabic studies. A volume on intertestamental literature published by [[Domingo Muñoz León]] in 1983 must also be mentioned here, as well as a noteworthy study on the historical method of Flavius [[Josephus]] published in English by [[Pere Villalba i Varneda (1938-), scholar|Pere Villalba i Varneda]] in 1986.
====Centres for scholarly research====


==Spanish Scholarship in the 1990s==
*[http://www.ilc.csic.es Instituto de Lenguas y Culturas del Mediterráneo y Oriente Próximo (ILC)], Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid


The 1990s might be roughly defined as the “Qumran decade” in Spanish scholarship on Second Temple Judaism, in so far as ten volumes on the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] were published in Spanish language between 1991 and 1996, including [[Florentino García Martínez]]’s 1992 Spanish edition of the significant manuscripts then available, which was translated into English, Dutch, Portuguese and Italian in 1994, 1994-95, 1995 and 1996, respectively. In 1991 [[Santiago Ausín Olmos (1939-), scholar|Santiago Ausín Olmos]] published a philological study on the ethical language of the sectarian writings from [[Qumran]]. There followed [[César Vidal Manzanares (1958-), scholar|César Vidal Manzanares]]’ three consecutive, introductory essays on the [[Qumran]] community and its literature (1993, 1995); [[Florentino García Martínez]]’s and [[Julio Trebolle Barrera]]’s study on the men from [[Qumran]] (1993), which was translated into English and Italian in 1995 and 1996, respectively; and two edited volumes by [[Antonio Piñero Sáenz]] and [[Dimas Fernández Galiano (1951-), scholar|Dimas Fernández Galiano]] (1994) and [[Julio Trebolle Barrera]] (1999), who had earlier published with [[Luis Vegas Montaner]] the proceedings of the Madrid Qumran Congress (1992). In addition, the Spanish translation of [[Jean Pouilly]]’s 1990 introduction to the Scrolls and [[Stegemann]]’s 1993 study on the [[Essenes]], [[Qumran]], [[John the Baptist]] and Jesus (which was translated into English in 1998), were published in 1991 and 1996, respectively.
====Scholarly projects and research seminars====


Other themes studied were illness and health care in the ancient Near East and the rise of Christianity (by [[Héctor Avalos (1958-), scholar|Héctor Avalos]] [1995, 1999]), the history of Messianic ideas in ancient Judaism and emerging [[Christianity]] (by [[José Luis Sicre Díaz (1940-), scholar|José Luis Sicre Díaz]] [1995]), the development of intertestamental literature (by [[Gonzalo Aranda Pérez (1943-), scholar|Gonzalo Aranda Pérez]], [[Florentino García Martínez]] and [[Miguel Pérez Fernández]] [1996]), and Ben Sira (by [[Nuria Calduch-Benages]] [1997, 1998, 1999]). Several volumes on the study of the historical Jesus, the New Testament, and both the Jewish roots and the development of earliest Christianity, were also published in this decade by [[Rafael Aguirre Monasterio (1941-), scholar|Rafael Aguirre Monasterio]], [[María Ángeles Alonso Ávila, scholar|María Ángeles Alonso Ávila]], [[Juan José Bartolomé]], [[Carmen Bernabé Urbieta]], [[Aurelio de Santos Otero]], [[Joaquín González Echegaray]], [[Santigo Guijarro Oporto]], [[Xabier Pikaza]], [[Antonio Piñero Sáenz]], [[Antonio Rodríguez Carmona]], [[Ramón Trevijano Etcheverría (1932-), scholar|Ramón Trevijano Etcheverría]], [[Jordi Sánchez Bosch]], [[Juan Luis Segundo]], [[Senén Vidal García]], and [[César Vidal Manzanares (1958-), scholar|César Vidal Manzanares]].
*[https://sites.google.com/site/origenesdelcristianismo Rethinking the Making of a Difference: Jewish-Christian Boundary Drawing in Late Antiquity], International Research Seminar, Universidad Camilo José Cela (UCJC) & Fundación Xavier Zubiri, Madrid


A series of relevant translations of ancient texts into Spanish language also took place in the 1990s. Several Targumim were translated by [[Josep Ribera Florit]] (1992, 1997) and [[Emiliano Martínez Borobio]] (1998); [[Philo]]’s [[De somniis]] and [[De Josepho]] by [[Sofía Torallas Tovar]] (1997); [[Josephus]]’ ''Autobiography'' and ''[[Against Apion]]'' by [[Margarita Rodríguez de Sepúlveda]]; [[Josephus]]' ''[[Jewish War]]'' by [[Jesús María Nieto Ibáñez]] (1997, 1999); and the Latin version of [[4 Ezra]] by [[Gabriel Marcelo Nápole (1957-), scholar|Gabriel Marcelo Nápole]] (1998).
====Learned societies====


As earlier said, both [[Florentino García Martínez]]'s Spanish edition of the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] and [[Florentino García Martínez]]’s and [[Julio Trebolle Barrera]]'s book on the [[Qumran]] community were translated into several European languages (including English) between 1994 and 1996. No other books dealing with the study of the Second Temple period originally published in Spanish had been translated into other languages prior to that date. Moreover, [[Florentino García Martínez]] published in 1992 a most remarkable study in English language on [[Qumran]] and apocalyptic; he also co-edited two collective volumes on the Bible and the Scrolls (together with [[Anthony Hilshort]] and [[Casper J. Labuschagne]], [[Moshe J. Bernstein]] and [[John Kampen]], and [[Ed Noort]]) in 1992, 1997 and 1998, respectively, and a volume on the Noah traditions (together with [[Gerard P. Luttikhuizen]]) in 1998; as well as a complete bibliography of the Dead Sea Scrolls covering the years 1970-1975 (together with [[Donald W. Parry]]) in 1997, ''The Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition'' (together with [[Eibert J. C. Tigchelaar]]) between 1997 and 1998, and vol. XXIII of the [[Discoveries in the Judean Desert]] ([[DJD]]) series (with [[Eibert J. C. Tigchelaar]] and [[Adam S. van der Woude]]) in 1998. Meanwhile, [[Natalio Fernández Marcos]] published in 1994 an Engish volume on the Septuagint and Old Latin versions of the Books of Kings, and [[Adolfo Roitman]] a Hebrew introduction to the daily life of the Qumran sectarians in 1997. In addition, [[Gonzalo Aranda Pérez (1943-), scholar|Gonzálo Aranda Perez]]'s, [[Florentino García Martínez]]'s and [[Miguel Pérez Fernández]]'s study on intertestamental literature was translated into Italian in 1998. The aforementioned volumes by [[Héctor Avalos (1958-), scholar|Héctor Avalos]] should also be taken into account at this point.
*[http://www.abe.org.es/ Asociación Bíblica Española]
*[http://www.aeehj.org/ Asociación Española de Estudios Hebreos y Judíos]
As to the Spanish edition of contemporary studies, one must mention [[Johann Maier]]’s ''Zwishen den Testamenten: Geschichte und Religion in der Zeit des zweiten Tempels'', [[Walter Schmithals]]' ''Die Apokalyptik'', and a rather large number of volumes dealing with the study of the historical Jesus and early Christianity which include several studies by [[Paul J. Achtemeier]], [[Horst Balz]], [[François Bovon]], [[Raymond E. Brown]], [[Matthieu Collin]], [[Oscar Cullmann]], [[Rinaldo Fabris]], [[David Flusser]], [[Joachim Gnilka]], [[Dieter Hildebrandt]], [[Pierre Lenhardt]], [[Ulrich Luz]], [[Margaret Y. MacDonald]], [[Bruce J. Malina]], [[John P. Meier]], [[Annette Merz]], [[Romano Penna]], [[Heinrich Schlier]], [[Jacques Schlosser]], [[Gerhard Schneider]], [[Eduard Schweizer]], [[Graham Stanton]], [[Peter Stuhlmacher]], [[Gerd Theissen]], [[Marie Vidal]], [[Phillip Vielhauer]], and [[Ulrich Wilckens]].
*[http://www.secr.es/ Sociedad Española de Ciencias de las Religiones]


==Spanish Scholarship in the 2000s==
====Publishers====


Leaving aside [[Jaime Vázquez Allegue (1968-), scholar|Jaime Vázquez Allegue]]’s works on the [[Rule of the Community]] and the literature from Qumran (2000, 2004, 2006), as well as [[Francisco Jiménez Bedman]]’s study on the [[Copper Scroll]] (2002), [[Pedro Zamora García]]'s essay on the [[Qoheleth]] in light of the Hebrew Bible, [[Sirach]] and [[Qumran]] (2002), [[Adolfo Roitman]]'s introduction to the daily life of the [[Qumran]] sectarians (which was translated into Spanish in 2000), and the several volumes published in English by Roitman himself (2003 [with [[Shulamith Laderman]]], 2006) and by [[Florentino García Martínez]] (2000 [with [[Daniel K. Falk]] and [[Eileen M. Schuller]]], 2003, 2007, and 2008 [with [[Mladen Popović]]]), it must be acknowledged that Spanish scholarly production on the Dead Sea Scrolls decreased in the 2000s. The aforementioned works and the Spanish edition of both [[Hershel Shanks]]’ ''Understanding the Dead Sea Scrolls'' (2005) and [[André Paul]]’s ''La Bible avant la Bible'' (2007) are the exception to this rule, which applies also to the other traditional key field of research in the Spanish-speaking world: the [[Targum]]; in fact, only two books, one by [[Josep Ribera Florit]] on the [[Targum]] of Ezekiel (2004) and the other one by [[Teresa Martínez Sáiz]] and [[Miguel Pérez Fernández]] on the Targumim to the Pentateuch (2004), were published on this subject in the 2000s.
*[http://www.bac-editorial.com/ Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos]
*[http://www.edicionescristiandad.es/ Ediciones Cristiandad]
*[http://www.sigueme.es Ediciones Sígueme]
*[http://www.editorialgredos.com/home-es.html Editorial Gredos]
*[http://www.trotta.es Editorial Trotta]
*[http://www.verbodivino.es Editorial Verbo Divino]


Conversely, Spanish editorship on the historical Jesus, the [[New Testament]] and [[Christian origins]] grew to an unprecedented level. Amidst those scholars who devoted their works to these matters in the 2000s one should mention [[Rafael Aguirre Monasterio (1941-), scholar|Rafael Aguirre Monasterio]], [[María Ángeles Alonso Ávila, scholar|María Ángeles Alonso Ávila]], [[Manuel Aroztegui Esnaola]], [[Juan José Ayán Calvo]], [[Gonzalo Balderas Vega]], [[Carmen Bernabé Urbieta]], [[Nuria Calduch-Benages]], [[Patricio de Navascués Benlloch]], [[Elisa Estévez López]], [[Francisco García Bazán]], [[José Miguel García Pérez (1951-), scholar|José Miguel García Pérez]], [[Santiago Guijarro Oporto]], [[Carlos Javier Gil Arbiol]], [[Esther Miquel Pericás]], [[Josep Montserrat Torrents (1932-), scholar|Josep Montserrat Torrents]], [[José Antonio Pagola (1937-), scholar|José Antonio Pagola]], [[Xabier Pikaza]], [[Antonio Piñero Sáenz]], [[Josep Rius Camps]], [[Luis Manuel Suárez Díaz]], [[Pius-Ramon Tragan, scholar|Pius-Ramon Tragan]], [[Antonio Vargas-Machuca Gutierrez]], and [[Senén Vidal García]]. Besides, several important volumes on the historical Jesus and early Christianity were translated from other languages, including different works by [[Reidar Aasgaard]], [[David E. Aune]], [[Giuseppe Barbaglio]], [[François Bovon]], [[Raymond E. Brown]], [[Rudolf Karl Bultmann]], [[John Dominic Crossan]], [[Henri Daniel-Rops]], [[Jean Daniélou]], [[Cees J. Den Heyer]], [[Adriana Destro]], [[Joanna Dewey]], [[James D. G. Dunn]], [[Bart D. Ehrman]], [[Rinaldo Fabris]], [[Joseph A. Fitzmyer]], [[Seán Freyne]], [[Paul Hoffmann]], [[Larry W. Hurtado]], [[Martin Karrer]], [[John S. Kloppenborg]], [[Israel Knohl]], [[Ulrich Luz]], [[Margaret Y. MacDonald]], [[Bruce J. Malina]], [[Joel Marcus]], [[John P. Meier]], [[Donald Michie]], [[Jerome H. Neyrey]], [[Carolyn Osiek]], [[Mauro Pesce]], [[Jonathan L. Reed]], [[David Rhoads]], [[James M. Robinson]], [[Ed Parish Sanders]], [[Heinz Schürmann]], [[Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza]], [[John E. Stambaugh]], [[Rodney Stark]], [[Ekkehard W. Stegemann]], [[Wolfgang Stegemann]], [[Justin Taylor]], [[Gerd Theissen]], [[Janet H. Tulloch]], and [[Tatha Wiley]].
====Academic journals====


Attention was also paid by Spanish scholars and editors to other various topics such as Jewish apocalypticism (on which [[Ignacio Gómez de Liaño (1946-), scholar|Ignacio Gómez de Liaño]] and [[Antonio Piñero Sáenz]] wrote in 2000 and 2007, respectively), Ben Sira (on which [[Nuria Calduch-Benages]] published an essay in Italian in 2001 and offered with [[Joan Ferrer]] and [[Jan Liesen]] a Spanish and English translation of its Syriac version in 2003), Biblical and Parabiblical literature (on which [[Miren Junkal Guevara Llaguno]] published an essay in 2006), Jewish literature in Greek language during the late Second Temple period (on which [[Antonio Piñero Sáenz]] wrote in 2006), the House of Herod (on which [[Joaquín González Echegaray]] published an economic and socio-political study in 2007) and the intertwining of theology, economy and politics in the [[Ecclesiastes]] (on which [[Pedro Zamora García]] produced a new monograph in 2007). [[Natalio Fernández Marcos]]’ and [[María Victoria Spottorno Díaz-Caro]]’s 2008 Spanish edition of the [[LXX]] text of the Pentateuch (to which further volumes on the [[Septuagint]] will follow) and the first volume of [[José Pablo Martín]]’s new Spanish edition of [[Philo]]’s works (2009-) deserve being mentioned as well, together with vols. 3 and 6 of [[Alejandro Díez Macho]]’s and [[Antonio Piñero Sáenz]]’s collection of [[Old Testament Pseudepigrapha]] in Spanish (2002, 2009), and [[Francisco García Bazán]]'s study on the jewish roots of Gnosticism and on the contribution of the latter to the early Christian faith as well as to Christian philosophy (2009). Finally, it should also be noted that [[Florentino García Martínez]] co-edited three collective volumes in English on ancient cultural interaction in Jerusalem, Alexandria and Rome (with [[Gerard P. Luttikhuizen]]), on the [[Septuagint]] and Ezekiel (with [[Marc Vervenne]]), and on [[Qumran]] and the [[New Testament]], in 2003, 2005, and 2009, respectively; whereas [[Héctor Avalos (1958-), scholar|Héctor Avalos]] coauthored in 2007 (with [[Sarah J. Melcher]] and [[Jeremy Schipper]] an English volume on medical Biblical studies. Besides, [[Natalio Fernández Marcos]]' ''Introducción a las versiones griegas de la Biblia'' [Introduction to the Greek Versions of the Bible] was translated into English in 2000, and [[Rafael Aguirre Monasterio (1941-), scholar|Rafael Aguirre Monasterio]]'s ''Del movimiento de Jesús a la iglesia cristiana'' into Italian in 2005.
*[http://www.secr.es/Bandue/ Bandue: Revista de la Sociedad Española de Ciencias de las Religiones]
*[http://www.uco.es/collectanea/ Collectanea Christiana Orientalia], Universidad de Córdoba
*[http://www.abe.org.es/publicaciones/revistas/estudios-biblicos/index.php Estudios Bíblicos], Asociación Bíblica Española
*[http://www.ucm.es/info/iucr/pages/webs/comienzo.htm Ilu: Revista de Ciencias de las Religiones]. Universidad Complutense de Madrid
*[http://www.upsa.es/publicaciones/servicio/publicaciones/salmanticensis.php Salmanticensis], Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca


Especial mention must be made, to end with, of a series of relevant studies on the history of the Second Temple translated into Spanish in the 2000s, beginning with  [[Paolo Sacchi]]’s ''Storia del Secondo Tempio'', the Spanish edition of which was published in 2004 (partly after its English edition). There followed the Spanish editions of both [[Morton Smith]]’s ''Palestinian Parties and Politics that Shaped the Old Testament'' (2007) and [[Claude Tassin]]’s 2006 and 2008 consecutive studies on the mid- and late Second Temple period (2007, 2009).
====Libraries====
*[http://www.ucm.es/BUCM/foa Biblioteca Histórica Complutense], Universidad Complutense de Madrid
*[http://www.bne.es/es/Inicio/index.html Biblioteca Nacional de España], Madrid
*[http://rbme.patrimonionacional.es/ Real Biblioteca del Monasterio de San Lorenzo de El Escorial], Madrid
*[http://www.sanisidorodeleon.net/index.htm Real Colegiata de San Isidoro de León], León
*[http://rebiun.org/bibliotecas.html REBIUN - Red de Bibliotecas Universitarias]
*[http://bibliotecas.csic.es/ Red de Bibliotecas del CSIC], Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
*[http://scriptoriumbiblicum.wordpress.com/ Scriptorium Biblicum et Orientale], Abadía de Montserrat, Barcelona


==Spanish Scholarship in the 2010s==
====Major manuscripts====
*[[Codex Biblicus Abulensis (V)]] at the [http://www.bne.es/es/Inicio/index.html Biblioteca Nacional de España]
*[[Codex Biblicus Complutensis (C)]] at the [http://www.ucm.es/BUCM/foa Biblioteca Histórica Complutense]
*[[Codex Biblicus Legionensis (L)]] at the [http://www.sanisidorodeleon.net/index.htm Real Colegiata de San Isidoro de León]


==Related categories==
==In Depth==
*[[:Category:Spanish|Spanish]] / [[:Category:Spanish language|Spanish language]] / [[:Category:Spanish Fiction|Spanish Fiction]]


*[[:Category:Latino|Latino]] / [[:Category:Latino Scholarship|Latino Scholarship]] / [[:Category:Latino Fiction|Latino Fiction]]  
*[[Spanish Scholars]] – biographies of Spanish Scholars


*[[:Category:National Schools|National Schools]]
See also: [[Spain]] -- [[Spanish]] -- [[Spanish language]] -- [[Spanish Authors]] -- [[Spanish Fiction]]


==Notes (Navigation Guidelines, and Scholarly Cooperation)==


[[Category:Subjects]]
*Brief '''Overviews''' of each period are given above (century-by-century overviews up to the 21st century plus decade-by-decade overviews from the 1900s onwards).
[[Category:History of research]]
*'''Partial Statistics Tables''' are also included after each century-by-century and decade-by-decade overview to show the subject rankigns of each period: they comprise ('''a''') books by Spanish scholars originally published in Spanish, ('''b''') books by non-Spanish scholars translated into Spanish, and ('''c''') books by Spanish scholars originally published in other languages different from Spanish by number and subject; ('''d''') the total number of books published in and outside Spain in each period is also provided.
[[Category:Scholarship|*Spanish]]
*A '''General Statistics Table''' which offers ('''a''') a survey of all subjects dealt with and all books produced by century (from the mid-15th century to the 19th century) and decade (from the 1900s to the 2010s), and ('''b''') subject rankings by scholars and publishers is provided separately, after the "Spanish Scholarship over the centuries" section.
[[Category:National Schools]]
*Six different resource lists containing the names and websites of the leading Spanish '''institutions of higher education''' and the leading Spanish '''centres for scholarly research''' in Second Temple Judaism, Christian Origins and other related areas of specialization, as well as the names and websites of the main Spanish '''learned societies''', the leading Spanish '''publishers''' and '''academic journals''' in the field, and the Spanish '''libraries''' relevant to the study of early Jewish and Christian documents, are then appended.
*'''Major manuscripts''' preserved in Spain are also mentioned after these.
*'''Related Categories''' such as [[Spanish language]] and [[Spanish Fiction]] are provided as well.
*'''Periods with no apparent scholarly production''' (e.g. the 19th century or the 1920s) are intentionally left in blank.
*'''Blue links''' correspond to now active entries; '''red links''', to still non-active entries which will be, nonetheless, created and developed in the future.
*Please kindly inform the editor ([mailto:segoviamail@gmail.com segoviamail@gmail.com]) of any '''missing references''' you may notice.

Latest revision as of 11:43, 24 May 2013


Spanish Scholarship includes works authored, edited or translated by Spanish Scholars.

See also: Spain -- Spanish -/- Spanish language -/- Spanish Fiction -- Spanish Authors


Overview

Spanish scholarship on Second Temple Judaism, Christian, Rabbinic, and Islamic origins includes contributions such as Alejandro Díez Macho's editio princeps of Targum Neophyti 1 and Florentino García Martínez's translations of, and studies on, the Dead Sea Scrolls.

The beginnings: from the mid-15th to the mid-20th century

In 1478, Daniel Vives published a Catalan translation of the Bible which stands as the third known printed translation of the Bible in a modern language, after the German edition by Johannes Mentelin in 1466, and the Italian edition by Niccolò Malermi in 1471. It was also based upon the Latin text of the Vulgata. There followed Juan Martín Cordero’s Spanish translation of Josephus’ Jewish War, which was published in the 1550s; Benito Arias Montano’s (perhaps the first relevant Spanish Hebraist) Antewerp Polyglot or Biblia regia, which was in turn published between 1568 and 1573 and the first to include, alongside the Hebrew, Greek, and Latin versions of the Bible, the Syriac New Testament and several additional Targumic texts; Arias Montano’s Spanish translation of Josephus’ Antiquities of the Jews, which was published in the 1570s; an edition of Paul’s epistles with commentary by Francisco de Ribera and José de Acosta published in the 1590s; and Joseph Semah Arias’s translation of Josephus’ Contra Apionem in the 1680s. Yet no significant volumes were produced between the late 17th and the mid-20th century.

Looking back at the 20th century: chief developments and achievements from the 1950s to the 1990s

Spanish research on Second Temple Judaism and Christian Origins was virtually inexistent, and hence absent from the international scholarly scene, until the 1950s. Nor had there been prior to that time a sustained editorial policy regarding the Spanish edition of studies originally published in other European languages. Antonio González Lamadrid’s 1956 volume on the Dead Sea discoveries and the Spanish edition in the late 1940s of the second volume of Giuseppe Ricciotti’s Storia d’Israele (which was curiously made possible through the efforts of Xavier Zubiri, a very influent Spanish philosopher who had studied in his youth with Husserl and Heidegger) must be by and large considered, therefore, as the point of departure of this particular field of study in contemporary Spain.

Spanish scholarship has since mainly focused upon five general topics: (a) the Dead Sea Scrolls, (b) the Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, (c) the Greek versions of the Bible (including the Septuagint), (d) the Targum, and (e) Christian Origins.

Qumran and the Dead Sea Scrolls were broadly explored, especially in the 1990s. One should mention here, amidst other works, Jesús Cantera Ortiz de Urbina’s Spanish translation of the Habakuk Pesher from Qumran; the studies on the Greek papyri from Qumran Cave 7 by José O’Callaghan Martínez, whose suggestions concerning the possible presence of some New Testament fragments amongst the Qumran scrolls have been widely disputed on both philological and statistic grounds; Luis Vegas Montaner’s critical edition of the Minor Prophets according to the Qumran textual witnesses; José María Casciaro Rodríguez’s comparative essays on the Qumran literature and the New Testament; Santiago Ausín Olmos’ studies on the ethical language of the sectarian writings from the Qumran community; the proceedings of the Madrid Qumran Congress, which was organised in 1991 by Luis Vegas Montaner and Julio Trebolle Barrera; Jaime Vázquez Allegue’s studies on the Rule of the Community. Yet the foremost contribution to the study of the Qumran Yahad and its literature was made by Florentino García Martínez, who, as Gabriele Boccaccini rightly observes, has helped contemporary research on late Second Temple sectarianism to move “out of Josephus precious yet so cumbersome testimony”, and whose well-known hypothesis on the intra-Essene schismatic origins of the Qumran Yahad, first made public in English in 1988, was already suggested by him in a Spanish as early as 1985.

In the early 1980s, Alejandro Díez Macho began to prepare a collective Spanish translation of the Old Testament Pseudepigrapha of which six out of the seven planed volumes have been already published. Díez Macho was deeply influenced by the work of Paolo Sacchi, on whose views he often relied. This notwithstanding, his general introduction to the Spanish edition of the Old Testament Pseudepigrapha (vol. 1) deserves being mentioned as perhaps the most insightful Spanish contribution to their modern study ever published. He worked in close collaboration with María Ángeles Navarro, Alfonso de la Fuente, Miguel Pérez Fernández, and Antonio Piñero Sáenz, who codirected the first four volumes of the collection and has been responsible of the edition of its two last published volumes.

A few studies on the Septuagint and the Greek versions of the Bible were also published in the 1970s and the 1990s, both in Spanish and English, by Natalio Fernández Marcos and Ángel Sáenz-Badillos Pérez.

As for the Targum, mention must be made of Alejandro Díez Macho's editio princeps and Spanish translation of Targum Neophyti 1, whose sole extant manuscript he had discovered in 1956 at the Vatican Library. This very remarkable contribution to the study of the Jewish literature from the 1st century CE appeared in 6 vols. between 1968 and 1979, with appended French and English translations by Roger le Déaut, Martin McNamara and Michael Maher, complementary studies by Emiliano Martínez Borobio, Pedro Esterlich and Miguel Pérez Fernández, and a comprehensive Index by Etan Levine. Additional studies on, and translations of, various other targumim were produced in the 1970s, the 1980s and the 1990s by Emiliano Martínez Borobio, Domingo Muñoz León, Miguel Pérez Fernández, and Josep Ribera Florit. These scholars worked initially under the guidance of Diez Macho, who is credited to have laid the foundation of the Spanish school of Targumic studies and whose work ought to be regarded, together with Florentino García Martínez’s, as the most outstanding Spanish contribution to the study of the Second Temple period and its literature.

Perspectives at the opening of the 21st century

Spanish Scholarship over the centuries

General Statistics

Leading Spanish institutions of higher education, centres for scholarly research, scholarly projects, learned societies, publishers, academic journals, and libriries in the field

Institutions of higher education

Centres for scholarly research

Scholarly projects and research seminars

Learned societies

Publishers

Academic journals

Libraries

Major manuscripts

In Depth

See also: Spain -- Spanish -- Spanish language -- Spanish Authors -- Spanish Fiction

Notes (Navigation Guidelines, and Scholarly Cooperation)

  • Brief Overviews of each period are given above (century-by-century overviews up to the 21st century plus decade-by-decade overviews from the 1900s onwards).
  • Partial Statistics Tables are also included after each century-by-century and decade-by-decade overview to show the subject rankigns of each period: they comprise (a) books by Spanish scholars originally published in Spanish, (b) books by non-Spanish scholars translated into Spanish, and (c) books by Spanish scholars originally published in other languages different from Spanish by number and subject; (d) the total number of books published in and outside Spain in each period is also provided.
  • A General Statistics Table which offers (a) a survey of all subjects dealt with and all books produced by century (from the mid-15th century to the 19th century) and decade (from the 1900s to the 2010s), and (b) subject rankings by scholars and publishers is provided separately, after the "Spanish Scholarship over the centuries" section.
  • Six different resource lists containing the names and websites of the leading Spanish institutions of higher education and the leading Spanish centres for scholarly research in Second Temple Judaism, Christian Origins and other related areas of specialization, as well as the names and websites of the main Spanish learned societies, the leading Spanish publishers and academic journals in the field, and the Spanish libraries relevant to the study of early Jewish and Christian documents, are then appended.
  • Major manuscripts preserved in Spain are also mentioned after these.
  • Related Categories such as Spanish language and Spanish Fiction are provided as well.
  • Periods with no apparent scholarly production (e.g. the 19th century or the 1920s) are intentionally left in blank.
  • Blue links correspond to now active entries; red links, to still non-active entries which will be, nonetheless, created and developed in the future.
  • Please kindly inform the editor (segoviamail@gmail.com) of any missing references you may notice.

Pages in category "Spanish Scholarship"

The following 53 pages are in this category, out of 53 total.

1

2

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