Category:Holocaust Children, Lithuania (subject)

Holocaust Children, Lithuania (see Holocaust Children Studies)

Children

Following the "children's Aktion" of March 1944 in the Kovno ghetto, which their children miraculously survived, it was clear to Leah and Shimon Joselevich that nine-year-old Chana and five-year-old Petya could no longer remain in the ghetto. They began to desperately search for a safe haven for their two children. An acquaintance was willing to take them for a limited time – she was already hiding the daughter of her former neighbor – and eventually handed the children to Mikas and Elena Lukauskas. The two children arrived at their rescuers' home with a letter from Leah and Shimon, thanking the unknown rescuers for accepting their children. Chana and Petya stayed with their rescuers after the end of the war for another six months, until their mother returned from the Stutthof concentration camp. Shimon Joselevich did not survive.

Rina Rubinstein / Rina Gilde (F / Lithuania, 1940), Holocaust survivor

Before the war, Julija Vitkauskienė lived in Kaunas, Lithuania with her only son Arėjas-Stasys. Vitkauskienė worked for many years for a printing company and her son was in the graduating class of the local gymnasium. A doctor Max Gilde and his wife, singer Eida Gilde, were neighbors and friends of the Vitkauskienė family.

When the Germans entered Kaunas, the Gildes were confined to the local ghetto and for about a year Julija Vitkauskienė did not see them. In 1942, Vitkauskienė met Dr. Gilde in the street and a short time later, he was assigned as a forced laborer to the printing company where she worked. Vitkauskienė provided Gilde with food and did her best to raise his spirits. In January 1944, Gilde asked her to shelter his only daughter, four-year-old Rina. Vitkauskiene discussed it with her son Arejas-Stasys, who too was in favor of saving the Jewish child and they took Rina into their home. For many months until the end of the occupation, the Vitkauskases moved several times, from one apartment to another in Kaunas, taking their ward with them, in order to avoid arousing the suspicions of their neighbors. In March 1944, Vitkauskienė and her son helped to smuggle other Jewish children out of the ghetto, including nine-year-old Hana Joselevich and her four-year-old brother Pesach, who stayed with them until they were moved to another Lithuanian family, the Lukauskases. Dr. Guilde and his wife Eida did not survive the war and one of their friends asked Vitkauskienė to give them the child so that they could adopt her. Vitkauskienė was persuaded that this would be in Rina’s ultimate best interest and she parted from her with a heavy heart. Many years later, Rina learnt the truth about herself. She found her rescuers again and from then on kept in close touch with them until their deaths.

On April 26, 1966, Yad Vashem recognized Julija Vitkauskienė and her son Arėjas-Stasys Vitkauskas as Righteous Among the Nations.

Dana Pomeranz-Mazurkevich (F / Lithuania, 1941), Holocaust survivor

Kipras Petrauskas, the tenor singer and one of the founders of the National Lithuanian Opera, lived, during the years of the German occupation, in Kaunas, with his wife Elena Žalinkevičaite - Petrauskienė, a well-known actress and poet. In the spring of 1942, Petrauskas was asked to provide shelter for a six-month-old Dana Pomeranz, the daughter of a violinist Daniel Pomeranz, a famous musician in a pre-war Lithuania. Petrauskas and his wife gave their agreement, and one day a baby girl was smuggled from the Ghetto and brought to the Petrauskas’ home. Since the Petrauskas family was rather famous in Lithuania and many people were interested in their private life, giving shelter to a Jewish baby was enormously risky for them. So, after a short while they chose to leave the city.

Together with the Jewish infant and their own three children, the Petrauskases moved first to a village, then, in 1944, to Austria and later to Germany. Throughout all these moves, the Petrauskases treated little Dana with warmth and devotion. In 1947, when they returned to Lithuania, the Petrauskases located Dana’s parents and returned their daughter to them safe and sound. Dana remained in close touch with her rescuers, regarding them as a second set of parents. Like her biological father, Dana Pomeranz-Mazurkevich became a violinist.

On August 2, 1999, Yad Vashem recognized Kipras Petrauskas and Elena Žalinkevičaite - Petrauskienė as Righteous Among the Nations.