Difference between revisions of "Category:Angels & Demons (subject)"

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In the Aramaic text of 1 En 9:1, the four archangels are: [[Michael]], [[Gabriel]], [[Raphael]] and [[Sariel]]. These are the names that are also attested in the War Scroll (1QM IX 15 16). The Greek version, however, has "Uriel" instead of Sariel (it could be a scribal error or an intentional alteration, due to to the prominent role of Uriel in 1En 19-21; 72-82). In the book of the Parables, "Phanuel" appears instead of "Sariel" / "Uriel" (1En 40:8 9; 53:6; 70:11, 16). By  identifying  the  four  archangels  with  the  four  heavenly  beings  known  from  Ezekiel’s  inaugural  vision,  1En  40:9  points  to  Ezek  1  as  to  the possible biblical background of the concept of four supreme angelic  princes. A similar connection between the four archangels and the beings at the four sides of God’s throne is  also  drawn  in  Rabbinic  writings  (Num.  Rab.  2:10;  Pesiq.  Rab.  46:3;  Pirqe  R.  El.  4),  with the sole exception that it is again "Uriel" and not "Phanuel" who is included in the  lists.  
In the Aramaic text of 1 En 9:1, the four archangels are: [[Michael]], [[Gabriel]], [[Raphael]] and [[Sariel]]. These are the names that are also attested in the War Scroll (1QM IX 15 16). The Greek version, however, has "Uriel" instead of Sariel (it could be a scribal error or an intentional alteration, due to to the prominent role of Uriel in 1En 19-21; 72-82). In the book of the Parables, "Phanuel" appears instead of "Sariel" / "Uriel" (1En 40:8 9; 53:6; 70:11, 16). By  identifying  the  four  archangels  with  the  four  heavenly  beings  known  from  Ezekiel’s  inaugural  vision,  1En  40:9  points  to  Ezek  1  as  to  the possible biblical background of the concept of four supreme angelic  princes. A similar connection between the four archangels and the beings at the four sides of God’s throne is  also  drawn  in  Rabbinic  writings  (Num.  Rab.  2:10;  Pesiq.  Rab.  46:3;  Pirqe  R.  El.  4),  with the sole exception that it is again "Uriel" and not "Phanuel" who is included in the  lists.  


The tradition of seven archangels also seems to come from Ezek 9. Here,  the  visionary  beholds  six  men  with  deadly  weapons  in  their  hands  who  are  accompanied  by  a  further,  different  figure  with  a  writing  case  (Ezek 9:2). The earliest  extant  list  that  contains  their  names  is  only  attested  in  1En  20.  The  chapter  provides  the  names  of  the  angels  that  accompany Enoch on his eastward journey which is reported in 1En 21  36.  It  mentions  Uriel,  Raphael,  Raguel,  Michael,  Sariel,  Gabriel  and  Remiel.
The tradition of seven archangels also seems to come from Ezek 9. Here,  the  visionary  beholds  six  men  with  deadly  weapons  in  their  hands  who  are  accompanied  by  a  further,  different  figure  with  a  writing  case  (Ezek 9:2). The earliest  extant  list  that  contains  their  names  is  only  attested  in  1En  20.  The  chapter  provides  the  names  of  the  angels  that  accompany Enoch on his eastward journey which is reported in 1En 21  36.  It  mentions  Uriel,  Raphael,  Raguel,  Michael,  Sariel,  Gabriel  and  Remiel. The idea of seven archangels is stated in the Book of Tobit when Raphael reveals himself, declaring: "I am Raphael, one of the seven angels who stand in the glorious presence of the Lord, ready to serve him." (Tobit 12:15)


The Animal Apocalypse combines the two traditions. Ss  four of the seven archangels are busy with the punishment of the watchers, the remaining three can show Enoch to his watchtower.  Together,  all  seven  return  at  the  time  of  the  final  judgment  and  lead  the  rebel  angels  before  God’s  throne  where  they are to receive their sentence (90:21).  
The Animal Apocalypse combines the two traditions. As four of the seven archangels are busy with the punishment of the Watchers, the remaining three can show Enoch to his watchtower.  Together,  all  seven  return  at  the  time  of  the  final  judgment  and  lead  the  rebel  angels  before  God’s  throne  where  they are to receive their sentence (90:21). They remain unnamed.
 
The names of the four or seven archangels remains fluid in the Christian tradition, with the exception of [[Michael]], [[Gabriel]] and [[Raphael]].  Pseudo-Dionysius names the seven archangels as Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel, Camael, Jophiel, and Zadkiel.[7] Pope Saint Gregory I lists them as Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel (or Anael), Simiel, Oriphiel, and Raguel. In the Anglican tradition the "fourth" archangels is often identified as [[Uriel]].


====Bibliography====
====Bibliography====


* The Four (or Seven) Archangels in the First Book of Enoch and Early Jewish Writings of the Second Temple Period
* The Four (or Seven) Archangels in the First Book of Enoch and Early Jewish Writings of the Second Temple Period


==In Depth==
==In Depth==

Revision as of 08:38, 24 April 2019


Angels & Demons

Overview

The Four (or Seven) Archangels

As early as the Book of Watchers, there are lists that include either four (1 En 9:1) or seven archangels (1 En 20:1-8). The names of Gabriel, Michael and Raphael are present in both versions. As for the other archangels, sources offer a diversity of names.

In the Aramaic text of 1 En 9:1, the four archangels are: Michael, Gabriel, Raphael and Sariel. These are the names that are also attested in the War Scroll (1QM IX 15 16). The Greek version, however, has "Uriel" instead of Sariel (it could be a scribal error or an intentional alteration, due to to the prominent role of Uriel in 1En 19-21; 72-82). In the book of the Parables, "Phanuel" appears instead of "Sariel" / "Uriel" (1En 40:8 9; 53:6; 70:11, 16). By identifying the four archangels with the four heavenly beings known from Ezekiel’s inaugural vision, 1En 40:9 points to Ezek 1 as to the possible biblical background of the concept of four supreme angelic princes. A similar connection between the four archangels and the beings at the four sides of God’s throne is also drawn in Rabbinic writings (Num. Rab. 2:10; Pesiq. Rab. 46:3; Pirqe R. El. 4), with the sole exception that it is again "Uriel" and not "Phanuel" who is included in the lists.

The tradition of seven archangels also seems to come from Ezek 9. Here, the visionary beholds six men with deadly weapons in their hands who are accompanied by a further, different figure with a writing case (Ezek 9:2). The earliest extant list that contains their names is only attested in 1En 20. The chapter provides the names of the angels that accompany Enoch on his eastward journey which is reported in 1En 21 36. It mentions Uriel, Raphael, Raguel, Michael, Sariel, Gabriel and Remiel. The idea of seven archangels is stated in the Book of Tobit when Raphael reveals himself, declaring: "I am Raphael, one of the seven angels who stand in the glorious presence of the Lord, ready to serve him." (Tobit 12:15)

The Animal Apocalypse combines the two traditions. As four of the seven archangels are busy with the punishment of the Watchers, the remaining three can show Enoch to his watchtower. Together, all seven return at the time of the final judgment and lead the rebel angels before God’s throne where they are to receive their sentence (90:21). They remain unnamed.

The names of the four or seven archangels remains fluid in the Christian tradition, with the exception of Michael, Gabriel and Raphael. Pseudo-Dionysius names the seven archangels as Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel, Camael, Jophiel, and Zadkiel.[7] Pope Saint Gregory I lists them as Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel (or Anael), Simiel, Oriphiel, and Raguel. In the Anglican tradition the "fourth" archangels is often identified as Uriel.

Bibliography

  • The Four (or Seven) Archangels in the First Book of Enoch and Early Jewish Writings of the Second Temple Period

In Depth

Related categories

References

External links

  • [ Wikipedia]

Pages in category "Angels & Demons (subject)"

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