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Le judaïsme avant Jésus-Christ (1931) is a book by Marie-Joseph Lagrange.

Abstract

The goal of this work is to present in general way some facts and aspects of Judaism. Lagrange presents the history of the Jewish people from the captivity in Babylon until the end of the first century CE. Lagrange begins by discussing the traditional point of view concerning foundation of Judaism and the formation of the Pentateuch. The law given by God to Moses and the special relationship between the people and their God are definitively settled in the times of Nehemiah. Judaism is ready to face the spirit of Hellenism. Thus Lagrange discusses the Greek and Hellenistic religion in a primarily historical manner. He analyzes the consequences of Hellenistic influence on Judaism, in particular the apocalyptic literature. Through these texts and through other apocryphal, historical and pseudepigraphical texts, he explains the historical, religious and sociological situation of Judaism - its movements, its institutions, and its thoughts. Lagrange discusses also the foreign influences on Judaism by the Iranian, Babylonian, Greek and Egyptian religions. He ends with an discussion of the development of the later Jewish theological reflection and the Judaism in Egypt including its history and its main personalities. He concludes with a apologetic view of Christianity's revelation, in contrast with the rabbinic religion, which, refusing this revelation, has not been faithful with Old Testament's roots. Thus his thought and his analysis, though critical, is compatible with Catholic dogma. - Matteo Silvestrini, University of Lausanne -

Editions and translations

Published in Paris, France: Gabalda, 1931.

Table of Contents

I. Les données antécédentes

• I. La fondation du Judaïsme
• II. La religion hellénistique

II. Les faits et les doctrines

• III. Antiochus IV et les Macchabées
• IV. L'avènement du Règne de Dieu d'après le prophète Daniel
• V. L'apocalyptique succède au prophétisme
• VI. L'unité nationale reconquise
• VII. L'apocalyptique sous les premiers Asmonéens
• VIII. Les derniers Asmonéens
• IX. La renaissance du messianisme davidique chez les Pharisiens
• X. Hérode Ier
• XI. Les fils d'Hérode. la Judée annexée à l'empire romain
• Appendice. Les gouverners de Syrie de 27 av. J.-C. à 39 après
• XII. La victoire attendue de Dieu sur les puissances du mal

III. La situation du Judaïsme avant Jésus-Christ

• XIII. Les sectes
• Appendice. La nouvelle alliance au pays de Damas
• XIV. Les grands thèmes du Judaïsme en Judée av. J.-C.
• XV. La question des influences étrangères
• XVI. Les tendances du Judaïsme dans ses rapports intimes avec Dieu

IV. Le Judaïsme en Egypte

• XVII. La première dispersion en Egypte
• XVIII. Tentatives d'assimilation littéraire
• XIX. La traduction des livres saints hébreux en grec
• XX. La religion hellénistique en Egypte et le Judaïsme
• XXI. Philon
• Appendice. Les thérapeutes
• Conclusion générale

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