Difference between revisions of "Caesarea Maritima"
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[http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b9/JPF-CaesareaHarbor.JPG Caesarea Maritima] was a seaport on the Mediterranean. | |||
==Overview== | |||
The seaport of Caesarea, originally a small fortified Phoenician and Greek anchorage named ''Strabo's Tower'', was built in the 1st century BCE by [[:Category:Herod the Great (subject)|Herod the Great]] and renamed in honor of [[Augustus]]. Its artificial harbor was the largest on the eastern Mediterranean coast and one of the technical wonders of antiquity. | |||
After 6 CE Caesarea was used by the Romans as the capital of the province of Judea and the seat of the [[:Category:Roman Governors (subject)|Roman Governors]], except the brief period in which the rule of Caesarea was granted to [[Herod Agrippa]]. | |||
Christian sources refers to Caesarea as a place where the new faith was preached by [[Philip the Evangelist|Philip]] and [[Peter]], and as the port of arrival and departure of [[Paul of Tarsus|Paul]]'s journeys. Caesarea was also the place where [[Paul of Tarsus|Paul]] was in custody for two years under [[Felix]] and [[Festus]], before being sent to Rome. | |||
Caesarea remained under Roman control during the [[Jewish War]]. Josephus reports that at the outbreak of the hostilities all 20,000 Jews living in Caesarea were massacred by the Greek mob. It was in Caesarea that [[Vespasian]] was acclaimed emperor by his own legions. The new Emperor turned the city into a Roman colony. | |||
[[Herod the Great|Herod]]'s harbor was severely damaged c150 CE by an earthquake, but the city still flourished during the Byzantine period, becoming one of the major centers of Christianity in the East. Caesarea declined rapidly after the Islamic conquest. Louis IX of France built there a short-lived Crusader fortress. After the Muslim reconquest, Caesarea laid in ruins, only to be used to resettle a small group of Circassian and Bosnian refugees in the 1870s and 1880s. | |||
Today Caesarea is a popular archaeological site, visited by thousands of tourists. | |||
==Caesarea in ancient sources== | |||
*See [[Caesarea Maritima (sources)]] | |||
==Caesarea in Scholarship== | |||
Excavations of ancient Caeserea have been carried out starting from the 1950s. They have unearthed conspicuous remains of Roman Caesarea, including the ancient theater with the renowned inscription carrying the name of the Roman governor [[Pontius Pilate]]. | |||
==Caesarea in Fiction== | |||
==Related categories== | |||
*[[:Category:Herod the Great (subject)|Herod the Great (subject)]] | |||
*[[:Category:Roman Governors (subject)|Roman Governors (subject)]] / [[:Category:Pilate (subject)|Pilate (subject)]] / [[:Category:Felix (subject)|Felix (subject)]] / [[:Category:Festus (subject)|Festus (subject)]] | |||
*[[:Category:Paul of Tarsus (subject)|Paul of Tarsus (subject)]] / [[Peter|Peter (subject]] / [[Philip the Evangelist|Philip the Evangelist (subject)]] | |||
==References== | |||
*'''Caesarea Maritima''' / [[Lee I. Levine]] / In: [[The Eerdmans Dictionary of Early Judaism (2010 Collins / Harlow), dictionary]], 453-456 | |||
==External links== | |||
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesarea_Maritima Wikipedia] | |||
*[http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Archaeology/Caesarea.html Jewish Virtual Library] / [http://www.bibleplaces.com/caesarea.htm BiblePlaces.com] | |||
[[Category:Places]] | |||
Revision as of 13:49, 25 September 2011
Caesarea Maritima was a seaport on the Mediterranean.
Overview
The seaport of Caesarea, originally a small fortified Phoenician and Greek anchorage named Strabo's Tower, was built in the 1st century BCE by Herod the Great and renamed in honor of Augustus. Its artificial harbor was the largest on the eastern Mediterranean coast and one of the technical wonders of antiquity.
After 6 CE Caesarea was used by the Romans as the capital of the province of Judea and the seat of the Roman Governors, except the brief period in which the rule of Caesarea was granted to Herod Agrippa.
Christian sources refers to Caesarea as a place where the new faith was preached by Philip and Peter, and as the port of arrival and departure of Paul's journeys. Caesarea was also the place where Paul was in custody for two years under Felix and Festus, before being sent to Rome.
Caesarea remained under Roman control during the Jewish War. Josephus reports that at the outbreak of the hostilities all 20,000 Jews living in Caesarea were massacred by the Greek mob. It was in Caesarea that Vespasian was acclaimed emperor by his own legions. The new Emperor turned the city into a Roman colony.
Herod's harbor was severely damaged c150 CE by an earthquake, but the city still flourished during the Byzantine period, becoming one of the major centers of Christianity in the East. Caesarea declined rapidly after the Islamic conquest. Louis IX of France built there a short-lived Crusader fortress. After the Muslim reconquest, Caesarea laid in ruins, only to be used to resettle a small group of Circassian and Bosnian refugees in the 1870s and 1880s.
Today Caesarea is a popular archaeological site, visited by thousands of tourists.
Caesarea in ancient sources
Caesarea in Scholarship
Excavations of ancient Caeserea have been carried out starting from the 1950s. They have unearthed conspicuous remains of Roman Caesarea, including the ancient theater with the renowned inscription carrying the name of the Roman governor Pontius Pilate.
Caesarea in Fiction
Related categories
- Herod the Great (subject)
- Roman Governors (subject) / Pilate (subject) / Felix (subject) / Festus (subject)
- Paul of Tarsus (subject) / Peter (subject / Philip the Evangelist (subject)
References
- Caesarea Maritima / Lee I. Levine / In: The Eerdmans Dictionary of Early Judaism (2010 Collins / Harlow), dictionary, 453-456