Difference between revisions of "Hippos / Sussita"

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*SCHOLARLY AND FICTIONAL WORKS: see [[:Category:Hippos (subject)]]
#REDIRECT [[:Category:Hippos (subject)]]
*ANCIENT SOURCES: see [[Hippos (sources)]]
 
 
[http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Hippos_-_Blick_nach_Westen.jpg Hippos / Sussita] (now in Israel) was a Hellenistic polis in Transjordan, one of the cities of the [[Decapolis]].
 
==Overview==
 
Born as a Ptolemaic military outpost, Hippos (''Antiochia Hippos'') grew into a city under the Seleucids. According to [[Josephus]], [[Alexander Jannaeus]] forced the entire population of Hippos to convert to Judaism and be circumcised.
 
In 63 BCE, after Pompey's conquest, Hippos was granted semi-autonomous status as part of the [[Decapolis]]. Hippos maintained such status during the Roman period with a brief parenthesis between 37 and 4 BCE, when the city was given to [[Herod the Great]]. The predominantly  pagan Hippos rivaled with the predominantly  Jewish [[Tiberias]] for the economic control of the See of Galilee. The growth of the city however was limited by the chronic lack of water supplies. 
 
During the [[Jewish War]], Hippos sided with the Romans. Its territory was devastated by the Jews under the leadership of [[Justus of Tiberias]]. In retaliation, the inhabitants of Hippus killed or imprisoned the Jewish residents.
 
The second century was the time of greater prosperity and growth. The construction of an aqueduct finally allowed a larger population to reside in the city.
 
Christianity penetrated slowly to Hippos, which only in the 4th century became the seat of a bishop.
 
The city continued to flourished during the Byzantine period, but its importance rapidly declined with the Arab conquest in 641. After the earthquake of 749, the city was abandoned permanently.
 
==Hippos in ancient sources==
 
==Hippos in scholarship==
 
[[Gottlieb Schumacher]] was the first to survey the ruins of Hippos in 1885.
 
The first excavations were carried out by Israeli archaeologists Emmanuel Anati, Claire Epstein, Michael Avi-Yona and others in 1951-1955.
 
Since 2000, extensive excavations have been conducted by an Israeli-Polish-American team.
 
==Hippos in fiction==
 
==Related categories==
 
*[[Decapolis]] ([[Canatha]], [[Damascus]], [[Dion]], [[Gadara]], [[Gerasa]], Hippos, [[Pella]], [[Philadelphia]], [[Raphana]], [[Scythopolis]])
 
==External links==
 
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippos Wikipedia]




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Latest revision as of 14:29, 28 July 2012

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