Difference between revisions of "Category:Arrest of Jesus (subject)"

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[[File:Arrest Jesus Giotto.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Kiss of Judas (1306 Giotto), art]]]]
[[File:Arrest Jesus Caravaggio.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Taking of Christ (1602 Caravaggio), art]]]]
[[File:Arrest Jesus Repin.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Taking Christ into Custody (1886 Repin), art]]]]
*[[:Category:Events|BACK TO THE EVENTS--INDEX]]
*[[:Category:Events|BACK TO THE EVENTS--INDEX]]
*[[Jesus of Nazareth|BACK to JESUS OF NAZARETH]] -- [[Twelve Apostles|TWELVE APOSTLES]] -- [[Judas Iscariot|JUDAS ISCARIOT]] -- [[Peter|PETER]] -- [[Malchus|MALCHUS]]




The ''' Arrest of Jesus (Agony in the Garden, Jesus in Gethsemane)''' refers to an episode in the [[Passion of Jesus]], according to the Gospels of Mark (14:32–52), Matthew (26:36-56), Luke (22:39-53), and John (18:3-12).
The ''' Arrest of Jesus / Kiss of Judas''' refers to an episode in the [[Passion of Jesus]], according to the Gospels of Mark (14:43–52), Matthew (26:47-56), Luke (22:47-53), and John (18:3-12).
 
< ''[[Passion of Jesus]]'' : [[Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem]] -- [[Cleansing of the Temple]] -- [[Plot to Kill Jesus]] -- [[Anointing of Jesus]] -- [[Betrayal of Judas]] -- [[Last Supper]] -- [[Agony in the Garden]] -- [[Arrest of Jesus]] -- [[Trial of Jesus before the High Priest]] -- [[Peter's Denial]] -- [[Trial of Jesus before Pilate]] -- [[Trial of Jesus before Herod Antipas]] -- [[Barabbas]] -- [[Flagellation of Jesus]] -- [[Mocking of Jesus]] -- [[Way to Golgotha]] -- [[Crucifixion of Jesus]] -- [[Burial of Jesus]] >
 
< ''[[Life of Jesus]]'' : [[Nativity of Jesus]] -- [[Childhood of Jesus]] -- [[Jesus' Hidden Years]] -- [[Ministry of Jesus]] ([[Parables of Jesus]], [[Miracles of Jesus]]) -- [[Passion of Jesus]] -- [[Resurrection of Jesus]] -- [[Relics of Jesus]] >
   
   
==Overview==
==Overview==


After the [[Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem]] and the messianic preaching in the Temple, the situation was tense and difficult. Jesus and his disciples did not go back to [[Bethany]] but decided to spend the night hiding among the crowd camped on the [[Mount of Olives]].  
The messianic preaching at Jerusalem had put Jesus and his disciples in an obvious situation of danger. After the [[Last Supper]] they did not go back to [[Bethany]] but decided to spend the night hiding among the crowd camped on the [[Mount of Olives]].
 
According to Mark Jesus was "distressed and agitated" and spent the night in prayer (see [[Agony in the Garden]]). Suddenly "Judas, one of the Twelve, arrived" with the Temple Police and identified Jesus with "a kiss" (Mk 14:43-45; Mt 26:47-50; Lk 26:47-48). There was a moment of confusion and also an attempt to resistance, when a disciple of Jesus struck the hear of a servant of the High Priest. The Temple police however soon accomplished his goal; Jesus was arrested and the disciples "deserted him and fled". Mark only has the narrative of a "young man... wearing a linen cloth," who "ran away naked" to avoid capture. The detail seems to suggest that other people may have been arrested with Jesus. Later Christian tradition would identify the unnamed character with either [[John]] or [[Mark]].  


According to the earliest accounts, Jesus was "distressed and agitated" and spent the night in prayer (the socalled ''Agony in the Garden''). Suddenly [[Judas Iscariot]] guided the Temple Police to arrest him. There was a moment of confusion and according to Matthew, Luke (and John), also an attempt to resistance by [[Peter]] who with a sword struck the hear of a servant of the High Priest (named [[Malchus]] according to the Gospel of John]]. The Temple police however soon accomplished his goal; Jesus was arrested and the disciples "deserted him and fled".  
Matthew and Luke follow the Markean narrative. Matthew emphasized that everything happened according to Scripture, while Luke added the detail that Jesus healed the "right" hear of the servant struck by one of his disciple.  


The [[Gospel of John]] offers a theological reinterpretation of the narrative, showing Jesus perfectly in control of the situation. It was not Judas who betrayed him; it was Jesus who willingly gave up himself to the Temple police and to an entire an entire cohort of Roman soldiers who also came to arrest him.
The [[Gospel of John]] offers a theological reinterpretation of the narrative, showing a confident Jesus perfectly in control of the situation. There is no [[Agony in the Garden]] and when Judas arrives, the detail of the kiss is omitted. It was Jesus, who "knowing all that was happening to him, came forward" (Jn 18:3-5) and identified himself in front of not only the Temple police but an entire cohort of Roman soldiers who also had came to arrest him. When Jesus introduced himself pronouncing the divine name ("I am"), every one fell into the ground. It was then that a disciple of Jesus ([[Peter]], according to John) with a sword struck the hear of a servant of the High Priest (here named [[Malchus]]), but quickly Jesus reproached his disciple and gave himself up.


==The Arrest of Jesus in ancient sources==
==Arrest of Jesus, in ancient sources==


====[[Gospel of Mark]]====
====[[Gospel of Mark]]====


Mark 14:32–52 (NRSV) -- '' 32 They went to a place called Gethsemane; and he said to his disciples, "Sit here while I pray." 33 He took with him Peter and James and John, and began to be distressed and agitated. 34 And said to them, "I am deeply grieved, even to death; remain here, and keep awake." 35 And going a little farther, he threw himself on the ground and prayed that, if it were possible, the hour might pass from him. 36 He said, "Abba, Father, for you all things are possible; remove this cup from me; yet, not what I want, but what you want." 37 He came and found them sleeping; and he said to Peter, "Simon, are you asleep? Could you not keep awake one hour? 38 Keep awake and pray that you may not come into the time of trial; the spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak." 39 And again he went away and prayed, saying the same words. 40 And once more he came and found them sleeping, for their eyes were very heavy; and they did not know what to say to him. 41 He came a third time and said to them, "Are you still sleeping and taking your rest? Enough! The hour has come; the Son of Man is betrayed into the hands of sinners. 42 Get up, let us be going. See, my betrayer is at hand." 43 Immediately, while he was still speaking, Judas, one of the twelve, arrived; and with him there was a crowd with swords and clubs, from the chief priests, the scribes, and the elders. 44 Now the betrayer had given them a sign, saying, "The one I will kiss is the man; arrest him and lead him away under guard." 45 So when he came, he went up to him at once and said, "Rabbi!" and kissed him. 46 Then they laid hands on him and arrested him. 47 But one of those who stood near drew his sword and struck the slave of the high priest, cutting off his ear. 48 Then Jesus said to them, "Have you come out with swords and clubs to arrest me as though I were a bandit? 49 Day after day I was with you in the temple teaching, and you did not arrest me. But let the scriptures be fulfilled." 50 All of them deserted him and fled. 51 A certain young man was following him, wearing nothing but a linen cloth. They caught hold of him, 52 but he left the linen cloth and ran off naked.  ''
Mark 14:43–52 (NRSV) -- '' 43 Immediately, while he was still speaking, Judas, one of the twelve, arrived; and with him there was a crowd with swords and clubs, from the chief priests, the scribes, and the elders. 44 Now the betrayer had given them a sign, saying, "The one I will kiss is the man; arrest him and lead him away under guard." 45 So when he came, he went up to him at once and said, "Rabbi!" and kissed him. 46 Then they laid hands on him and arrested him. 47 But one of those who stood near drew his sword and struck the slave of the high priest, cutting off his ear. 48 Then Jesus said to them, "Have you come out with swords and clubs to arrest me as though I were a bandit? 49 Day after day I was with you in the temple teaching, and you did not arrest me. But let the scriptures be fulfilled." 50 All of them deserted him and fled. 51 A certain young man was following him, wearing nothing but a linen cloth. They caught hold of him, 52 but he left the linen cloth and ran off naked.  ''


====[[Gospel of Matthew]]====
====[[Gospel of Matthew]]====


Matthew 26:36-56 (NRSV) -- '' 36 Then Jesus went with them to a place called Gethsemane; and he said to his disciples, "Sit here while I go over there and pray." 37 He took with him Peter and the two sons of Zebedee, and began to be grieved and agitated. 38 Then he said to them, "I am deeply grieved, even to death; remain here, and stay awake with me." 39 And going a little farther, he threw himself on the ground and prayed, "My Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass from me; yet not what I want but what you want." 40 Then he came to the disciples and found them sleeping; and he said to Peter, "So, could you not stay awake with me one hour? 41 Stay awake and pray that you may not come into the time of trial; the spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak." 42 Again he went away for the second time and prayed, "My Father, if this cannot pass unless I drink it, your will be done." 43 Again he came and found them sleeping, for their eyes were heavy. 44 So leaving them again, he went away and prayed for the third time, saying the same words. 45 Then he came to the disciples and said to them, "Are you still sleeping and taking your rest? See, the hour is at hand, and the Son of Man is betrayed into the hands of sinners. 46 Get up, let us be going. See, my betrayer is at hand." 47 While he was still speaking, Judas, one of the twelve, arrived; with him was a large crowd with swords and clubs, from the chief priests and the elders of the people. 48 Now the betrayer had given them a sign, saying, "The one I will kiss is the man; arrest him." 49 At once he came up to Jesus and said, "Greetings, Rabbi!" and kissed him. 50 Jesus said to him, "Friend, do what you are here to do." Then they came and laid hands on Jesus and arrested him. 51 Suddenly, one of those with Jesus put his hand on his sword, drew it, and struck the slave of the high priest, cutting off his ear. 52 Then Jesus said to him, "Put your sword back into its place; for all who take the sword will perish by the sword. 53 Do you think that I cannot appeal to my Father, and he will at once send me more than twelve legions of angels? 54 But how then would the scriptures be fulfilled, which say it must happen in this way?" 55 At that hour Jesus said to the crowds, "Have you come out with swords and clubs to arrest me as though I were a bandit? Day after day I sat in the temple teaching, and you did not arrest me. 56 But all this has taken place, so that the scriptures of the prophets may be fulfilled." Then all the disciples deserted him and fled.  ''
Matthew 26:47-56 (NRSV) -- '' 47 While he was still speaking, Judas, one of the twelve, arrived; with him was a large crowd with swords and clubs, from the chief priests and the elders of the people. 48 Now the betrayer had given them a sign, saying, "The one I will kiss is the man; arrest him." 49 At once he came up to Jesus and said, "Greetings, Rabbi!" and kissed him. 50 Jesus said to him, "Friend, do what you are here to do." Then they came and laid hands on Jesus and arrested him. 51 Suddenly, one of those with Jesus put his hand on his sword, drew it, and struck the slave of the high priest, cutting off his ear. 52 Then Jesus said to him, "Put your sword back into its place; for all who take the sword will perish by the sword. 53 Do you think that I cannot appeal to my Father, and he will at once send me more than twelve legions of angels? 54 But how then would the scriptures be fulfilled, which say it must happen in this way?" 55 At that hour Jesus said to the crowds, "Have you come out with swords and clubs to arrest me as though I were a bandit? Day after day I sat in the temple teaching, and you did not arrest me. 56 But all this has taken place, so that the scriptures of the prophets may be fulfilled." Then all the disciples deserted him and fled.  ''


====[[Gospel of Luke]]====
====[[Gospel of Luke]]====


Luke 22:39-53 (NRSV) -- '' 39 He came out and went, as was his custom, to the Mount of Olives; and the disciples followed him. 40 When he reached the place, he said to them, "Pray that you may not come into the time of trial." 41 Then he withdrew from them about a stone's throw, knelt down, and prayed, 42 "Father, if you are willing, remove this cup from me; yet, not my will but yours be done." 43 Then an angel from heaven appeared to him and gave him strength. 44 In his anguish he prayed more earnestly, and his sweat became like great drops of blood falling down on the ground. 45 When he got up from prayer, he came to the disciples and found them sleeping because of grief, 46 and he said to them, "Why are you sleeping? Get up and pray that you may not come into the time of trial." 47 While he was still speaking, suddenly a crowd came, and the one called Judas, one of the twelve, was leading them. He approached Jesus to kiss him; 48 but Jesus said to him, "Judas, is it with a kiss that you are betraying the Son of Man?" 49 When those who were around him saw what was coming, they asked, "Lord, should we strike with the sword?" 50 Then one of them struck the slave of the high priest and cut off his right ear. 51 But Jesus said, "No more of this!" And he touched his ear and healed him. 52 Then Jesus said to the chief priests, the officers of the temple police, and the elders who had come for him, "Have you come out with swords and clubs as if I were a bandit? 53 When I was with you day after day in the temple, you did not lay hands on me. But this is your hour, and the power of darkness!" ''
Luke 22:47-53 (NRSV) -- '' 47 While he was still speaking, suddenly a crowd came, and the one called Judas, one of the twelve, was leading them. He approached Jesus to kiss him; 48 but Jesus said to him, "Judas, is it with a kiss that you are betraying the Son of Man?" 49 When those who were around him saw what was coming, they asked, "Lord, should we strike with the sword?" 50 Then one of them struck the slave of the high priest and cut off his right ear. 51 But Jesus said, "No more of this!" And he touched his ear and healed him. 52 Then Jesus said to the chief priests, the officers of the temple police, and the elders who had come for him, "Have you come out with swords and clubs as if I were a bandit? 53 When I was with you day after day in the temple, you did not lay hands on me. But this is your hour, and the power of darkness!" ''


====[[Gospel of John]]====
====[[Gospel of John]]====
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John 18:3-12 (NRSV) -- '' 3 So Judas brought a detachment of soldiers together with police from the chief priests and the Pharisees, and they came there with lanterns and torches and weapons. 4 Then Jesus, knowing all that was to happen to him, came forward and asked them, "Whom are you looking for?" 5 They answered, "Jesus of Nazareth." Jesus replied, "I am he." Judas, who betrayed him, was standing with them. 6 When Jesus said to them, "I am he," they stepped back and fell to the ground. 7 Again he asked them, "Whom are you looking for?" And they said, "Jesus of Nazareth." 8 Jesus answered, "I told you that I am he. So if you are looking for me, let these men go." 9 This was to fulfill the word that he had spoken, "I did not lose a single one of those whom you gave me." 10 Then Simon Peter, who had a sword, drew it, struck the high priest's slave, and cut off his right ear. The slave's name was Malchus. 11 Jesus said to Peter, "Put your sword back into its sheath. Am I not to drink the cup that the Father has given me?" 12 So the soldiers, their officer, and the Jewish police arrested Jesus and bound him. ''
John 18:3-12 (NRSV) -- '' 3 So Judas brought a detachment of soldiers together with police from the chief priests and the Pharisees, and they came there with lanterns and torches and weapons. 4 Then Jesus, knowing all that was to happen to him, came forward and asked them, "Whom are you looking for?" 5 They answered, "Jesus of Nazareth." Jesus replied, "I am he." Judas, who betrayed him, was standing with them. 6 When Jesus said to them, "I am he," they stepped back and fell to the ground. 7 Again he asked them, "Whom are you looking for?" And they said, "Jesus of Nazareth." 8 Jesus answered, "I told you that I am he. So if you are looking for me, let these men go." 9 This was to fulfill the word that he had spoken, "I did not lose a single one of those whom you gave me." 10 Then Simon Peter, who had a sword, drew it, struck the high priest's slave, and cut off his right ear. The slave's name was Malchus. 11 Jesus said to Peter, "Put your sword back into its sheath. Am I not to drink the cup that the Father has given me?" 12 So the soldiers, their officer, and the Jewish police arrested Jesus and bound him. ''


==The Arrest of Jesus in Scholarship==
==Arrest of Jesus, in the arts==


==The Arrest of Jesus in Fiction==
<gallery>
File:Arrest Jesus Monreale.jpg|[[Kiss of Judas (1185 Monreale), art]]
File:Arrest Jesus Giotto.jpg|[[Kiss of Judas (1306 Giotto), art]]
File:Arrest Jesus Lorenzetti.jpg|[[Taking of Christ (1319 Lorenzetti), art]]
File:Arrest Jesus Como.jpg|[[Kiss of Judas (1320 Master of Sant'Abbondio), art]]
File:Arrest Jesus Bouts.jpg|[[Capture of Christ (1450 Bouts), art]]
File:Arrest Jesus Cranach.jpg|[[Taking of Christ (1538 Cranach), art]]
File:Arrest Jesus Caravaggio.jpg|[[Taking of Christ (1602 Caravaggio), art]]
File:Arrest Jesus Baburen.jpg|[[Taking of Jesus (1617 Baburen), art]]
File:Arrest Jesus Douffet.jpg|[[Taking of Jesus (1620 Douffet), art]]
File:Arrest Jesus Goya.jpg|[[Taking of Jesus (1788 Goya), art]]
File:Arrest Jesus2 Goya.jpg|[[Taking of Jesus (1798 Goya), art]]
File:Betrayal Judas Aivazovsky.jpg|[[Betrayal of Judas (1834 Aivazovsky), art]]
File:Arrest Jesus Repin.jpg|[[Taking Christ into Custody (1886 Repin), art]]
</gallery>


==External links==
==External links==

Latest revision as of 09:52, 10 August 2014

Kiss of Judas (1306 Giotto), art
Taking of Christ (1602 Caravaggio), art
Taking Christ into Custody (1886 Repin), art


The Arrest of Jesus / Kiss of Judas refers to an episode in the Passion of Jesus, according to the Gospels of Mark (14:43–52), Matthew (26:47-56), Luke (22:47-53), and John (18:3-12).

< Passion of Jesus : Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem -- Cleansing of the Temple -- Plot to Kill Jesus -- Anointing of Jesus -- Betrayal of Judas -- Last Supper -- Agony in the Garden -- Arrest of Jesus -- Trial of Jesus before the High Priest -- Peter's Denial -- Trial of Jesus before Pilate -- Trial of Jesus before Herod Antipas -- Barabbas -- Flagellation of Jesus -- Mocking of Jesus -- Way to Golgotha -- Crucifixion of Jesus -- Burial of Jesus >

< Life of Jesus : Nativity of Jesus -- Childhood of Jesus -- Jesus' Hidden Years -- Ministry of Jesus (Parables of Jesus, Miracles of Jesus) -- Passion of Jesus -- Resurrection of Jesus -- Relics of Jesus >


Overview

The messianic preaching at Jerusalem had put Jesus and his disciples in an obvious situation of danger. After the Last Supper they did not go back to Bethany but decided to spend the night hiding among the crowd camped on the Mount of Olives.

According to Mark Jesus was "distressed and agitated" and spent the night in prayer (see Agony in the Garden). Suddenly "Judas, one of the Twelve, arrived" with the Temple Police and identified Jesus with "a kiss" (Mk 14:43-45; Mt 26:47-50; Lk 26:47-48). There was a moment of confusion and also an attempt to resistance, when a disciple of Jesus struck the hear of a servant of the High Priest. The Temple police however soon accomplished his goal; Jesus was arrested and the disciples "deserted him and fled". Mark only has the narrative of a "young man... wearing a linen cloth," who "ran away naked" to avoid capture. The detail seems to suggest that other people may have been arrested with Jesus. Later Christian tradition would identify the unnamed character with either John or Mark.

Matthew and Luke follow the Markean narrative. Matthew emphasized that everything happened according to Scripture, while Luke added the detail that Jesus healed the "right" hear of the servant struck by one of his disciple.

The Gospel of John offers a theological reinterpretation of the narrative, showing a confident Jesus perfectly in control of the situation. There is no Agony in the Garden and when Judas arrives, the detail of the kiss is omitted. It was Jesus, who "knowing all that was happening to him, came forward" (Jn 18:3-5) and identified himself in front of not only the Temple police but an entire cohort of Roman soldiers who also had came to arrest him. When Jesus introduced himself pronouncing the divine name ("I am"), every one fell into the ground. It was then that a disciple of Jesus (Peter, according to John) with a sword struck the hear of a servant of the High Priest (here named Malchus), but quickly Jesus reproached his disciple and gave himself up.

Arrest of Jesus, in ancient sources

Gospel of Mark

Mark 14:43–52 (NRSV) -- 43 Immediately, while he was still speaking, Judas, one of the twelve, arrived; and with him there was a crowd with swords and clubs, from the chief priests, the scribes, and the elders. 44 Now the betrayer had given them a sign, saying, "The one I will kiss is the man; arrest him and lead him away under guard." 45 So when he came, he went up to him at once and said, "Rabbi!" and kissed him. 46 Then they laid hands on him and arrested him. 47 But one of those who stood near drew his sword and struck the slave of the high priest, cutting off his ear. 48 Then Jesus said to them, "Have you come out with swords and clubs to arrest me as though I were a bandit? 49 Day after day I was with you in the temple teaching, and you did not arrest me. But let the scriptures be fulfilled." 50 All of them deserted him and fled. 51 A certain young man was following him, wearing nothing but a linen cloth. They caught hold of him, 52 but he left the linen cloth and ran off naked.

Gospel of Matthew

Matthew 26:47-56 (NRSV) -- 47 While he was still speaking, Judas, one of the twelve, arrived; with him was a large crowd with swords and clubs, from the chief priests and the elders of the people. 48 Now the betrayer had given them a sign, saying, "The one I will kiss is the man; arrest him." 49 At once he came up to Jesus and said, "Greetings, Rabbi!" and kissed him. 50 Jesus said to him, "Friend, do what you are here to do." Then they came and laid hands on Jesus and arrested him. 51 Suddenly, one of those with Jesus put his hand on his sword, drew it, and struck the slave of the high priest, cutting off his ear. 52 Then Jesus said to him, "Put your sword back into its place; for all who take the sword will perish by the sword. 53 Do you think that I cannot appeal to my Father, and he will at once send me more than twelve legions of angels? 54 But how then would the scriptures be fulfilled, which say it must happen in this way?" 55 At that hour Jesus said to the crowds, "Have you come out with swords and clubs to arrest me as though I were a bandit? Day after day I sat in the temple teaching, and you did not arrest me. 56 But all this has taken place, so that the scriptures of the prophets may be fulfilled." Then all the disciples deserted him and fled.

Gospel of Luke

Luke 22:47-53 (NRSV) -- 47 While he was still speaking, suddenly a crowd came, and the one called Judas, one of the twelve, was leading them. He approached Jesus to kiss him; 48 but Jesus said to him, "Judas, is it with a kiss that you are betraying the Son of Man?" 49 When those who were around him saw what was coming, they asked, "Lord, should we strike with the sword?" 50 Then one of them struck the slave of the high priest and cut off his right ear. 51 But Jesus said, "No more of this!" And he touched his ear and healed him. 52 Then Jesus said to the chief priests, the officers of the temple police, and the elders who had come for him, "Have you come out with swords and clubs as if I were a bandit? 53 When I was with you day after day in the temple, you did not lay hands on me. But this is your hour, and the power of darkness!"

Gospel of John

John 18:3-12 (NRSV) -- 3 So Judas brought a detachment of soldiers together with police from the chief priests and the Pharisees, and they came there with lanterns and torches and weapons. 4 Then Jesus, knowing all that was to happen to him, came forward and asked them, "Whom are you looking for?" 5 They answered, "Jesus of Nazareth." Jesus replied, "I am he." Judas, who betrayed him, was standing with them. 6 When Jesus said to them, "I am he," they stepped back and fell to the ground. 7 Again he asked them, "Whom are you looking for?" And they said, "Jesus of Nazareth." 8 Jesus answered, "I told you that I am he. So if you are looking for me, let these men go." 9 This was to fulfill the word that he had spoken, "I did not lose a single one of those whom you gave me." 10 Then Simon Peter, who had a sword, drew it, struck the high priest's slave, and cut off his right ear. The slave's name was Malchus. 11 Jesus said to Peter, "Put your sword back into its sheath. Am I not to drink the cup that the Father has given me?" 12 So the soldiers, their officer, and the Jewish police arrested Jesus and bound him.

Arrest of Jesus, in the arts

External links

  • [ Wikipedia]
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