Category:Italian language--1850s

In 1853 Aurelio Bianchi-Giovini introduced to Italy the critical study of the Gospels, but it was not until after the Italian unification that an authentic free debate could start. In 1863 both the works of Strauss and Renan were translated into Italian. It was Renan's work that took central stage, producing a flow of apologetic works. With them also came the realization that the Catholic Church had lost the complete control they had on Italy's cultural life, so much so that even the life of Jesus could be now be more freely subjected to critical analysis and non-conformist approaches, like the socialist Christ portrayed by Giovanni Bovio. Catholic scholars, like Giovanni Battista de Rossi, also adopted a more critical approach. Following the leadership of Samuel David Luzzatto Italian-Jewish scholarship flourished with Giuseppe Rafaele Levi and Elia Benamozegh, and obtained his greatest achievement abroad with the foundation in 1886 of the [[Jewish Theological Seminary by rav Sabato Morais from Livorno. }}

Italian language (1850s) -- Highlights