Ptolemaic Kings
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- ANCIENT SOURCES: see Ptolemaic Kings (sources)
- SCHOLARLY AND FICTIONAL WORKS: see Ptolemaic Kings
Ptolemaic Kings reigned in the 3rd century over Judea.
List of Ptolemaic Kings, and years in office
- Ptolemy I Soter, 303-285 BCE
- Married first (probably) Thaïs, secondly Artakama, thirdly Eurydice and finally Berenice I
- Founded the Library of Alexandria
- Took control of the land of Israel, around 301 BCE
- Ptolemy II Philadelphus, 285-246 BCE
- Married Arsinoe I, then Arsinoe II Philadelphus
- Ruled jointly with Ptolemy the Son (267 BC-259 BCE)
- According to the Letter of Aristeas (and Josephus), commissioned the Greek translation of the Torah (the so-called Septuagint)
- Ptolemy III Euergetes, 246-221 BCE
- Married Berenice II
- Fought successfully against the Seleucids in the so-called Third Syrian War
- Ptolemy IV Philopator, 221-203 BCE
- Married Arsinoe III
- Defeated the Seleucid King Antiochus III the Great
- Was made the protagonist of the events narrated in 3 Maccabees
- Ptolemy V Epiphanes, 203-181 BCE
- Was still a child when he became king
- Lost control of the land of Israel to the Seleucid King Antiochus III the Great after the battle of Panium in 198 BCE
- Married Cleopatra I, daughter of [[Antiochus, in 193 BCE
- Ptolemy VI Philometor, 180-145 BCE
- Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator, 145 BCE
- Ptolemy VIII Physcon, 170-116 BCE
- Cleopatra II, 130-127 BCE
- Ptolemy IX Soter (Lathyros, 116-110/109-107/88-81 BCE
- Cleopatra III, 107-101 BCE
- Ptolemy X Alexander I, 110-109/107-88 BCE
- Berenice II, 81-80 BCE
- Ptolemy XI Alexander II, 80 BCE
- Ptolemy XII Auletes, 80-58/55-51 BCE
- Berenice IV, 58-55 BCE
- Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator, 51-47 BCE
- Arsinoe IV, 48-47 BCE
- Ptolemy XIV, 47-44 BCE
- Cleopatra VII, 51-30 BCE
< Seleucid Kings >