Difference between revisions of "Category:Relics of Jesus (subject)"

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* This page was created and is edited by [[Gabriele Boccaccini]], University of Michigan
[[File:Holy Blood Mantua.jpg|thumb|200px|Relic of the Holy Blood (Mantua, Italy)]]
[[File:Grail Valencia.jpg|thumb|200px|Relic of the Holy Grail (Valencia, Spain)]]
[[File:Shroud Turin.jpg|thumb|200px|The Shroud (Turin, Italy)]]
[[File:True Cross Vienna.jpg|thumb|200px|Fragment of the Holy Cross (Vienna, Austria)]]
 
*[[:Category:Artifacts|BACK to the ARTIFACTS--INDEX]]
*[[Jesus|BACK to the JESUS--INDEX]]




'''Relics of Jesus''' refers to a series of artifacts (mostly of medieval origin) which were believed to be connected with the historical Jesus.  
'''Relics of Jesus''' refers to a series of artifacts (mostly of medieval origin) which were believed to be connected with the historical Jesus.  
< ''[[Life of Jesus]]'' : [[Nativity of Jesus]] -- [[Childhood of Jesus]] -- [[Jesus' Hidden Years]] -- [[Ministry of Jesus]] ([[Parables of Jesus]], [[Miracles of Jesus]]) -- [[Passion of Jesus]] -- [[Resurrection of Jesus]] -- [[Relics of Jesus]] >
* This page was created and is edited by [[Gabriele Boccaccini]], University of Michigan


==Overview==
==Overview==
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It was common practice in the ancient Church to preserve and venerate relics of Christian saints and martyrs.
It was common practice in the ancient Church to preserve and venerate relics of Christian saints and martyrs.


Christian teaching stated that Jesus was assumed into heaven corporeally. Therefore the only relics that could be collected were either objects belonging to, or touch by, Jesus, or parts of his body he had lost prior to his resurrection-—hair, blood, fingernails, milk teeth, his prepuce (from his circumcision), and the umbilicus (from his birth).
Christian teaching states that Jesus was assumed into heaven corporeally. Therefore the only relics that could be collected were either objects belonging to, or touch by, Jesus, or parts of his body he had lost prior to his resurrection-—hair, blood, fingernails, milk teeth, his prepuce (from his circumcision), and the umbilicus (from his birth).
 
Reliquaries containing bodily parts of Jesus could actually be commonly found in Europe during the Middle Ages. As an example, at that time there were as many as 18 churches claiming possession of the Holy Prepuce of Jesus: in Italy, France, Germany, Belgium, etc. 
 
Most of those relics were lost or destroyed during the Reformation or the French Revolution. The authorities of the Catholic Church also began looking with great skepticism to those relics, as all of them were of very dubious provenance (to say the least). The cult of bodily parts of Jesus was discouraged and gradually felt into oblivion.  


According to the ''Catholic Encyclopedia'', "Very little reliance can be placed upon the authenticity of these specimens.” There is neither reliable, conclusive evidence nor historical record supporting the identification of these relics as genuine. On the contrary, all evidence leads to the conclusion that the search and collection of relics of Jesus started not before the fourth century CE and reached its climax during the Middle Age at the time of the Crusades.  
According to the ''Catholic Encyclopedia'', "Very little reliance can be placed upon the authenticity of these specimens.” There is neither reliable, conclusive evidence nor historical record supporting the identification of these relics as genuine. On the contrary, all evidence leads to the conclusion that the search and collection of relics of Jesus started not before the fourth century CE and reached its climax during the Middle Age at the time of the Crusades.  


While scholars dismiss the authenticity of all these ancient relics, the interest in Jesus' relics has lately increased in fictional and arch-fi circles, which speculate on the possibility of extracting Jesus' DNA for cloning; see [[Jesus Cloning]].
While scholars dismiss the authenticity of all these ancient relics, the interest in Jesus' relics has lately increased in fictional and arch-fi circles, which speculate especially on the possibility of extracting Jesus' DNA for cloning; see [[Jesus Cloning]].


==Bodily parts of Jesus==
==List of major Relics associated with Jesus==


Reliquaries containing bodily parts of Jesus could actually be commonly found in Europe during the Middle Ages. As an example, at that time there were as many as 18 churches claiming possession of the Holy Prepuce of Jesus: in Italy, France, Germany, Belgium, etc. 
====Nativity of Jesus====


Most of those relics were lost or destroyed during the Reformation or the French Revolution. The authorities of the Catholic Church also began looking with great skepticism to those relics, as all of them were of very dubious provenance (to say the least). The cult of bodily parts of Jesus was discouraged and gradually felt into oblivion.
* [[Gifts of the Magi]], and [[Tombs of the Magi]]


The last recorded occurrence of such a cult was in the Italian village of Calcata, Viterbo (near Rome), where the relic of the Holy Prepuce of Jesus was still paraded in the streets as recently as 1983. The practice ended, however, when thieves stole the jewel-encrusted case, contents and all.
* [[Holy Prepuce]]


==Objects associated with Jesus==
====Preaching of Jesus====


====The Gifts of the Magi====
* [[Mount of the Beatitudes]]
The Gifts of the Magi to Jesus are said to be preserved in the monastery of St. Mark of Mount Athos—allegedly from the Holy Palace in Constantinople.


====The Holy Grail====
* [[Mensa Christi]] ('"Table of Jesus'')


{{See also|Holy Grail}}
====Last Supper====


According to Christian legends, the Holy Grail was the dish, plate, or cup used by Jesus at the Last Supper, said to possess miraculous powers. It was a legend which first came together in the form of written romances, deriving perhaps from some pre-Christian Celtic folklore hints, in the later 12th and early 13th centuries. The connection of [[Joseph of Arimathea]] with the Grail legend dates from Robert de Boron's Joseph d'Arimathie (late 12th century) in which Joseph receives the Grail from an apparition of Jesus and sends it with his followers to Great Britain. The quest for the Holy Grail made up an important segment of the Arthurian cycle, appearing first in works by Chrétien de Troyes.
* [[Holy Grail]]


There are cups claimed to be the Grail in several churches, for instance the Saint Mary of Valencia Cathedral in Spain, which contains an artifact, the Holy Chalice, supposedly taken by [[Peter]] to Rome in the first century, and then to Huesca in Spain by Saint Lawrence in the 3rd century. Archaeologists say the artifact is a 1st century Middle Eastern stone vessel, possibly from Antioch, Syria (now Turkey); its history can be traced to the 11th century, and it presently rests atop an ornate stem and base, made in the Medieval era of alabaster, gold, and gemstones. There is no proven connection with Jesus.
====Arrest and Trial of Jesus====


The legend of the Holy Grail has inspired numerous pieces of art and works of fiction. Lately, in arch-fi circles, the legend has taken new life, as the Holy Grail was connected with the secret of a [[Jesus Bloodline]] from his "wife" [[Mary Magdalene]].
* [[Holy Prison]] (Prison of Jesus)


====The Column of the Flagellation====
* [[Column of the Flagellation]]


A column, preserved at the Church of Santa Prassede in Rome, is only one of the many columns that are said to be the Column of the Flagellation.
A column, preserved at the Church of Santa Prassede in Rome, is only one of the many columns that are said to be the Column of the Flagellation.


====The True Cross====
* [[Crown of Thorns]]


Relics of the Crown of Thorns, of the Cross, of the Nails of the Crucifixion are in the basilica “Santa Croce in Jerusalem” in Rome, Italy, and in hundreds of other churches and inside crucifixes all around Europe.
====Crucifixion, Burial, and Resurrection of Jesus====


One of the nails of the crucifixion is said to have come to rest in the Iron Crown of Lombardy, used for the coronation of the Kings of Italy and preserved in the Cathedral of Monza, Italy. The Bridle of Constantine was also said to be maid from nails used during the crucifixion.
* [[Via Dolorosa]]


====The Holy Spear====
* [[Veil of Veronica]]


Fragments of the spear which according to the Gospel of John pierced Jesus on the cross, are said to be preserved in Rome (probably coming from Armenia), and in Vienna, Austria.
* [[Holy Robe]]


In January 2003, Robert Feather, an English metallurgist and technical engineering writer, was authorized by the Church to test the Vienna lance in a laboratory environment. The examination indicated the 7th century as the likeliest date of the spearhead.
* [[True Cross]], [[Holy Nails]], and [[Titulus Crucis]]


====The Robe====
* [[Holy Sponge]]


A tradition of the Latin Church, which goes back to the 12th century, holds that the robe that Jesus wore at his crucifixion is now housed in the Cathedral of Trier, Germany (here as shown in a 1959 stamp).
* [[Holy Lance]]


According to an Eastern Orthodox tradition, portions of Jesus’ clothing are preserved in the crypt of the Patriarchal Svetitskhoveli Cathedral in Mtskheta, Georgia where the feast day in honor of the Chiton of the Lord is celebrated on October 1.
* [[Holy Blood]]


Other portions of Jesus’ Robe are believed to be preserved by the Russian Orthodox Church: in Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Kiev, and other monasteries. The Russian Orthodox Church commemorates the Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Lord at Moscow on July 10 (July 25). At Moscow annually on that day, the robe is solemnly brought out of the chapel of the Apostles Peter and Paul at the Dormition cathedral, and it is placed on a stand for veneration by the faithful during the divine services.
* [[Stone of Anointing]]


The legend of The Robe of Jesus inspired in 1942 a novel by Lloyd C. Douglas, and in 1953 a movie, directed by Henry Koster, with Richard Burton, Jean Simmons, and Victor Mature.
* [[Tomb of Jesus]]


====The Veil of Veronica====
* [[Shroud of Turin]]  
According to a medieval legend (the story is not in the Gospels), a woman - named [[Veronica]] from Jerusalem - encountered Jesus along the Via Dolorosa on his way to Calvary. When she paused to wipe the sweat off his face with her veil, his image was imprinted on the cloth.


The supposed original of the ''Veil of Veronica'' was publicly displayed for some time in the Vatican from 1297 to 1527, when the relic went lost during the Sack of Rome. The Veil of Veronica became a popular subject in the arts; and "copies" of the Roman Veil were displayed in several churches in Europe, including in Vienna (Austria), Alicante (Spain), and Genoa (Italy). 
* [[Shroud of Oviedo]]


====The Shroud of Turin (and the Sudarium of Oviedo)====
== [[Relics of the Christ (2007 Nickell), book]] ==


The ''Shroud of Turin'' is a medieval representation of Jesus’ passion. It is a linen cloth bearing the image of a man who appears to have been physically traumatized in a manner consistent with crucifixion. The linen is 14 feet, 3 inches long and 3 feet, 7 inches wide. It is being kept in the royal chapel of the Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist in Turin, Italy.
[[File:2007 Nickell.jpg|thumb|left|150px]]


In 1988, the Holy See agreed to permit three centers to independently perform radiocarbon dating on portions of a swatch taken from a corner of the shroud. All three Institutes of research (Oxford University, the University of Arizona, and the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) concluded that the Shroud of Turin was made between the 13th and the 14th century (1260–1390).  
"The Holy Grail, the Lance of Longinus, and the True Cross are some of the most revered artifacts in the world today. These Christian relics are also a source of limitless controversy. They have incited bloodshed and, some say, are a source of miracles. They inspire fear and hope among the faithful, and yet are a perennial target for skeptics, both Christian and secular. To research the authenticity of numerous Christian relics, Joe Nickell employs a scientific approach, using such techniques as radiocarbon dating, polarized-light microscopy, and forensic serology. Examined here are such significant relics as the Shroud of Turin, the multiple heads of John the Baptist, and the "incorruptible" corpses of saints. For each relic, Nickell examines evidence indicating that the item is legitimate, evidence suggesting that it is not, and whether or not the relic and the miracles attributed to it can be recreated. In addition to his own experiments, Nickell presents findings from the world's top scientists and historians regarding these controversial objects of reverence and ire. But he is ultimately guided by the maxim, "extraordinary claims require extraordinary proof." In treating each relic as a mystery to be solved, Nickell seeks only to find the truth."--Publisher description


Related to the Shroud of Turin is the ''Sudarium of Oviedo'', or Shroud of Oviedo. It is a bloodstained cloth, 34" x 21", kept in the cathedral of Oviedo, Spain and claimed to be the cloth that was wrapped around the head of Jesus of Nazareth after he died. The cloth has been dated to the 7th century by the radiocarbon method (1994).
=== Contents ===
 
Introduction : the life of Jesus -- The cult of relics -- Christian relics -- The Holy Grail -- Self-portraits of Jesus -- The true Cross -- Other crucifixion relics -- Holy shrouds -- The Shroud of Turin -- 'Photograph' of Christ -- The Sudarium of Oviedo -- Blood of Jesus -- The James ossuary.


==External links==
==External links==


[[Category:Subjects]]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relics_associated_with_Jesus Wikipedia]
[[Category:Topics]]
 
 
[[Category:Index (database)]]
[[Category:Topics (database)]]

Latest revision as of 08:10, 21 December 2021

Relic of the Holy Blood (Mantua, Italy)
Relic of the Holy Grail (Valencia, Spain)
The Shroud (Turin, Italy)
Fragment of the Holy Cross (Vienna, Austria)


Relics of Jesus refers to a series of artifacts (mostly of medieval origin) which were believed to be connected with the historical Jesus.

< Life of Jesus : Nativity of Jesus -- Childhood of Jesus -- Jesus' Hidden Years -- Ministry of Jesus (Parables of Jesus, Miracles of Jesus) -- Passion of Jesus -- Resurrection of Jesus -- Relics of Jesus >


Overview

It was common practice in the ancient Church to preserve and venerate relics of Christian saints and martyrs.

Christian teaching states that Jesus was assumed into heaven corporeally. Therefore the only relics that could be collected were either objects belonging to, or touch by, Jesus, or parts of his body he had lost prior to his resurrection-—hair, blood, fingernails, milk teeth, his prepuce (from his circumcision), and the umbilicus (from his birth).

Reliquaries containing bodily parts of Jesus could actually be commonly found in Europe during the Middle Ages. As an example, at that time there were as many as 18 churches claiming possession of the Holy Prepuce of Jesus: in Italy, France, Germany, Belgium, etc.

Most of those relics were lost or destroyed during the Reformation or the French Revolution. The authorities of the Catholic Church also began looking with great skepticism to those relics, as all of them were of very dubious provenance (to say the least). The cult of bodily parts of Jesus was discouraged and gradually felt into oblivion.

According to the Catholic Encyclopedia, "Very little reliance can be placed upon the authenticity of these specimens.” There is neither reliable, conclusive evidence nor historical record supporting the identification of these relics as genuine. On the contrary, all evidence leads to the conclusion that the search and collection of relics of Jesus started not before the fourth century CE and reached its climax during the Middle Age at the time of the Crusades.

While scholars dismiss the authenticity of all these ancient relics, the interest in Jesus' relics has lately increased in fictional and arch-fi circles, which speculate especially on the possibility of extracting Jesus' DNA for cloning; see Jesus Cloning.

List of major Relics associated with Jesus

Nativity of Jesus

Preaching of Jesus

Last Supper

Arrest and Trial of Jesus

A column, preserved at the Church of Santa Prassede in Rome, is only one of the many columns that are said to be the Column of the Flagellation.

Crucifixion, Burial, and Resurrection of Jesus

Relics of the Christ (2007 Nickell), book

2007 Nickell.jpg

"The Holy Grail, the Lance of Longinus, and the True Cross are some of the most revered artifacts in the world today. These Christian relics are also a source of limitless controversy. They have incited bloodshed and, some say, are a source of miracles. They inspire fear and hope among the faithful, and yet are a perennial target for skeptics, both Christian and secular. To research the authenticity of numerous Christian relics, Joe Nickell employs a scientific approach, using such techniques as radiocarbon dating, polarized-light microscopy, and forensic serology. Examined here are such significant relics as the Shroud of Turin, the multiple heads of John the Baptist, and the "incorruptible" corpses of saints. For each relic, Nickell examines evidence indicating that the item is legitimate, evidence suggesting that it is not, and whether or not the relic and the miracles attributed to it can be recreated. In addition to his own experiments, Nickell presents findings from the world's top scientists and historians regarding these controversial objects of reverence and ire. But he is ultimately guided by the maxim, "extraordinary claims require extraordinary proof." In treating each relic as a mystery to be solved, Nickell seeks only to find the truth."--Publisher description

Contents

Introduction : the life of Jesus -- The cult of relics -- Christian relics -- The Holy Grail -- Self-portraits of Jesus -- The true Cross -- Other crucifixion relics -- Holy shrouds -- The Shroud of Turin -- 'Photograph' of Christ -- The Sudarium of Oviedo -- Blood of Jesus -- The James ossuary.

External links

Pages in category "Relics of Jesus (subject)"

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